Diatom genome reveals key role in biosphere's carbon cycle
...al information enables us to better understand the vital role that diatoms and other phytoplankton play in mediating global warming," says Dan Rokhsar, who heads computational genomics at the JGI and is one of the co-authors of a research article in the Oct. 1 issue of Science. "Now that we have a glimpse ...Commandeering cellular machinery: recognition mechanism to detect small molecules
...n gene expression. Because these receptors play a vital role in controlling cellular response to these small molecules, scientists have been attempting to understand them and solve their molecular structures with a goal of creating pharmaceuticals able to turn them off or on. The research often involves...Marine Biological Laboratory summer investigator wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry
...am's active genes-an effort, Hershko says, that is vital to the future of his research. "We are reaching a barrier in our work, unless we obtain this molecular knowledge," he said. The effort, called the Clam Project, is the first step toward sequencing the entire clam genome, and its goal is to p...Botulism bug says no to nitric oxide, provides key to molecule's role in human cell signaling
...r enemy illuminates the origins and structure of a vital protein involved in human cell signaling, Universi... Since then NO has been found to govern many other vital biological functions and became the basis for medications that treat erectile dysfunction. Howe...Is more better: Counting birds may only tell part of the story
...nd survival in birds. This information has been vital in management decisions involving animal conservation. A large population of birds in a region could indicate a suitable habitat, or it could, in fact, could be the only place the animals could find, wrong for feeding, mating, and rearing young, in ...Sedentary overweight people get insulin boost from short term exercise; CVD risks trend down
...days on the treadmill walking at 60-65% of maximum vital oxygen capacity designed to expend about 500 k/cals per day. While the CVD changes weren't statistically significant, Mitchell noted, "in the negative energy balance group (NEG), all of the markers were trending in a favorable direction,...Emory chemists develop bacteria that may help decaffeinate coffee
...emaining challenge was to couple this binding to a vital function of the bacteria -- the production of a protein. To do this, the Emory team created a new sequence of RNA known as a "riboswitch." In bacteria, riboswitches normally recognize essential molecules, such as vitamin B12, and switch the producti...VitalSense(R) - Wireless vital signs monitoring
...onitor core body temperature, heart rate and other vital signs to detect the onset of sepsis. Early detection of sepsis increases the likelihood of successful treatment, and VitalSense will enable the medical staff to pick up critical changes in those parameters earlier than they would with normal, manual...UF scientists have bionanotechnology recipe to find elusive bacteria
...rt to finish. A quicker analysis time is not only vital for early disease detection but also will be critical in combating bioterrorism, Tan said. "In situations when there is life and death, when you have to make a decision very quickly, our technology will really give you the quick decision." Analyzing ...Acoustics meeting in San Diego
...ECTION OF LARGE AIRLINERS Ultrasound is playing a vital role in checking for manufacturing defects in the production of the Airbus A380, the giant, 555-seat airliner that will enter service in 2006. The Airbus extensively uses Glare, a new aluminum-fiberglass composite, which helps to minimize the three-...S1P1 essential for tumor growth and is blocked by RNA interference
...ed in vivo. This study indicates both that S1P1 is vital for blood vessel growth in tumors and that RNA interference technology may be of great use in anticancer therapies. TITLE: Requirement for sphingosine 1phosphate receptor-1 in tumor angiogenesis demonstrated by in vivo RNA interference AUTHOR CONTAC...Biomedical engineers at case develop first sliver-sized sensor to monitor glucose levels
... monitoring of electrolytes, metabolites and other vital biochemicals in the body, primarily those of criti...iles. This new sensor, continually monitoring such vital markers as ions and metabolites in an astronaut's interstitial fluid may make it easier and quicker ...Large-scale forces shape local ocean life, global study shows
...iversity that act as wellsprings of eggs, seeds or vital nutrients or that provide important habitat for critical species. While scientists know that tropical coral reefs and the Amazon rainforest act as source areas, Witman said more areas must be identified. "This is particularly true in the m...Pesticides may promote Parkinson's disease and exercise may offer protection
...stay consistent throughout the day. Consistency is vital because too much of the drug can cause uncontrolled movements, and too little can result in paralysis. Past studies have suggested that rotigotine may have properties that not only lessen parkinsonian symptoms, but that also protect nerve cells in t...Wistar study demonstrates heritability of non-genomic information
...e proper development of the basic body plan. These vital genes have been highly conserved in evolution, appearing in species as divergent as fruit flies, mice, and humans. Large genes often employ highly sophisticated regulatory mechanisms: a mandatory promoter that activates transcription of the gene, enh...Stem Cells: Saving Lives or Crossing Lines?
...end how to engage the public in a dialogue on this vital issue." Titled "Stem Cells: Saving Lives or Crossing Lines," the conference will address the medical, political and economic consequences of letting other nations take over the United States' leadership role in biomedical research, as well as the et...First human trial of bioartificial kidney shows promise for acute renal failure
... tubule cells. These cells are intended to reclaim vital electrolytes, salt, glucose and water, as well as control production of immune system molecules called cytokines, which the body needs to fight infection. Conventional kidney dialysis machines remove these important components of blood plasma, along...Initial sensor for p53 tumor-suppressing pathway identified
...kicks in. This protein is the end of the line in a vital signaling cascade that triggers cells with fatally damaged DNA to self-destruct so that they cannot cause cancer. The importance of the p53 pathway in preventing cancer cannot be overstated. Scientists know, for example, that in the majority of human...Food shortages threaten Antarctic wildlife
...ed this week in the journal Nature . Sea-ice is a vital feeding ground for the huge number of krill in the Southern Ocean. The new research shows that krill numbers have dropped by about 80% since the 1970's. Less sea-ice during the winter is likely to be the cause and may explain declines seen in sever...Growth factors confer immortality to sperm-generating stem cells
...o determine that a single growth factor, GDNF, was vital for promoting a signal-pathway that allowed the cells to multiply in culture. GDNF, the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, was originally identified as a survival factor for neurons in the brain. GDNF was also found to be excreted by the S...