Decoding the logic of olfaction
... of odorants in the olfactory cortex of mice. "We wanted to find out whether inputs from receptors that recognized the same odorant are all targeted to the same places in the cortex, producing a distinctive spatial map for the odorant," she said. "Or, whether the inputs from these receptors are sent to dif...University looks to the past in fight against disease
...f its kind for British historians of science. "OST wanted a research centre that could write a review of the experience of the management of infectious diseases in the 20th Century in both industrialised and third world countries. "Our study will review the evolving risk of diseases, changing requirements f...Genetic variation alters response to common anti-clotting drug
... of genome sciences and first author of the paper, wanted to better understand the genetic basis for variability in warfarin response. "If you want to predict dose, you need to know more about the genes that control variability," explained Rieder. The team focused on another gene: vitamin K epoxide reducta...Air pollution raises risk for dangerous arrhythmias among people with ICDs
... of Public Health. He continued, "In this study we wanted to see if there's an increased risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, a very dangerous and rapid beating of the heart which can lead to sudden cardiac arrest. We monitored a group of Boston area residents at high risk of sudden cardiac death if not fo...Developing nervous system sculpted by opposing chemical messengers
...formed a fully functioning synapse. The scientists wanted to know: how does the embryo 'weed out' the potential synapse sites that are not needed? The answer to this question is crucial because it might shine light on how the nervous system could make new connections in medical conditions such as spinal co...New technique helps identify multiple DNA regulatory sites
...there are usually a few of these for each gene. We wanted to see if we could somehow deduce how many transcription factors at a time, or combinations of factors, are coming together physically and how these combinations regulate genes." "To accomplish this," Komorowski said, "we used a machine learning t...'Molecular zipper' may hold important clues to Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and mad cow disease
...trying to develop new methods that would work. "We wanted to learn which atomic-level interactions were giving the peptide the property to form fibrils of the type which the body cannot break down," Nelson said. "We tried many techniques with promising technologies that didn't work, but we never got discour...Joslin study shows weight control protects against low birth weight related glucose intolerance
...ere low weight at birth to protect themselves. "We wanted to see if eating a controlled diet and stopping we... whose mothers were allowed to eat as much as they wanted during pregnancy, and a second group whose mothers' diets during pregnancy were restricted to only h...Tagging pathogens with synthetic DNA 'barcodes'
... mostly involve expensive equipment, Luo said. "We wanted something that could be done with inexpensive, readily available equipment," he said. Several years ago researchers created probes consisting of nanoscale bars of metal actually etched with conventional bar codes. Since then, most molecular tagging d...Fossils tell the hole story of killer drillers and their prey
...as field-based estimates from the literature. "We wanted to determine at what frequencies drilling had occurred, whether that had changed through time, and what sorts of lessons we could learn from the patterns that we found," Baumiller said. What they found was that attacks on brachiopods were rare, but w...UC San Diego undergraduates do cyberinfrastructure research in Asia, Australia
...ngineer Laura Berstis agrees. "I applied because I wanted to experience different avenues of research and in general to explore possibilities for what I want to dedicate my life to," said the 20-year-old, one of the few sophomores accepted into the program. "Research abroad makes it a really full-bodied exp...Babies born after SET do as well as those conceived naturally
...opposed to 4.6). "We began this study because we wanted to investigate whether babies born after SET would have similarly poor obstetric outcomes to those reported from singleton births at the time when it was customary to transfer two or more embryos. We believe that our work shows clearly that SET is ...'Win-win' economic strategy for mobile PET/CT imaging reported at SNM's 52nd Annual Meeting
...thinking about having a mobile PET/CT service" and wanted to provide state-of-the-art equipment "to give the highest level of patient care," said Khandekar. Getting this service up and running "is truly an example of collaborative team work," she added....Jet skis and quad bikes help scientists predict and monitor storm damage
...ar the village of Sea Palling in North Norfolk. We wanted to measure how much sand was moved around by each storm and where the most vulnerable places were." The work has led to a computer model of how winter storms are likely to affect the East Anglian coastline in the future. This will help coastal eng...Costly breeding programs for endangered species pay off
...onsequences of these strategies. In particular, we wanted to simulate several generations of captive breeding followed by several generations of breeding in the wild." Meffert, post-doctoral researcher Stacey Day, graduate student Sara Hicks and pre-med student Nsuela Mukana found that populations in both b......ted in how microRNAs themselves are regulated. "We wanted to know if microRNAs were important and if they were specific, and we got those answers - they affect fundamental pathways and have a limited number of critical targets," Gaul says. "Now we want to connect the microRNAs both to their upstream regulat...Why do aneurysms form? New studies suggest leading role for white blood cells
...ich help them attack invaders," says Upchurch. "We wanted to see what the role of neutrophils was in the early stages of aneurysm formation and the progression of the aneurysm." Upchurch and his colleagues performed one of the studies using mice that had been treated with an antibody that attacked their ne...Researchers pinpoint genes that drive spread of breast cancer to lungs
...uce proteins that may move to the top of the "most wanted list" of prime targets for therapies to thwart metastasis, said the study's senior author Joan Massagu , a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Massagu and his colleagues are optimistic that their t...Broccoli packs powerful punch to bladder cancer cells
... are converted to isothiocyanates, the researchers wanted to know if the former would have any effect on controlling the growth of cancer cells. It didn't. However, the isothiocyanates decreased proliferation in all three cell lines. The strongest effect was on the most aggressive of these lines human inva......influence latency in a bacterial virus, Weinberger wanted to see if the same process could be at work in HIV. No one had ever shown that this type of "noise" in gene expression could influence phenotype in infected mammalian cells, Weinberger said. "I thought it was a cool idea," he added, but "at the time...