Abstemious mice offer hint at molecular target for treating alcoholism
...ere, likea latchkey, opens the receptor's channel, allowing chloride ions containingsignals of inhibition to f...t the receptor keeps its channel open even longer, allowing still moresignals of inhibition to flow into the central nervous system. The increased sensitivity t......stabilizationoccurs, long term memory is acquired, allowing people to remember thingsthroughout their lives. This new study provides a clue to how the transitionfrom growth to stability might occur. "We have identified the signaling pathway involved in the switch from growth tostability, as well as the asso...To build a better artificial hip, UD prof says, mimic Mother Nature
...herapy, graduallydamages the cartilage in the hip, allowing the thigh and hip bones to grindtogether. Though total hip-replacement techniques were being investigated in the 18thcentury, viable prosthetics weren't available until the late 1950s, Santareexplains. That's when researcher J. Charnley demonstrated ...New approach to imaging separates thought from perception
...-activation may tune the motion detection pathway, allowing usto respond more strongly and selectively when an anticipated object appears,"says Gordon L. Shulman, Ph.D., research scientist in neurology at WashingtonUniversity School of Medicine in St. Louis. Shulman and colleagues report their findin...'Biochemical storm' following brain trauma, an important factor in treatment
...to suppress the harmful activity of calpains while allowing repair to occur," said Kevin Wang, a senior research associate at Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research who is conducting laboratory experiments seeking to block the action of calpains.Automobile crashes, gunshot wounds, sporting accidents and other in...Cranfield technology noses ahead
...way. Each microorganism produces a different odour allowing 'Diag-Nose to determine the underlying infection s...ortable for the Patient. It reduces diagnosis time allowing same day treatment and less anxiety for the patient." Diag-Nose is also being evaluated as a means o...Anti-HIV treatment improves immune system and fights sight-threatening eye infection
...nd better to HIV and other infections, potentially allowing patients to live longer." "This study indicates another important advantage of potent antiretroviral therapy," said NIAID Director Dr. Anthony S. Fauci. "We now have clinical evidence that in addition to the rises in CD4+ T cell counts seen in patie...New drug shows promise for saving lives from heart failure
...ues; and vasodilators, which expand blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily and making the heart's work easier and more efficient. Among the vasodilators is a class of drugs know as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which interfere with the body's production of angiotensin, a chemica...... designed to evade the immune response while still allowing the protein to do its clotting job. "Now that we have the structure, we can identify every amino acid on the surface of the protein that potentially could be mutated in the laboratory. In theory, we could make a whole battery of variants of recombina...Novel molecule blocks pain receptor system
...hetic molecule that can block a molecular pathway, allowing researchers a closer look at what makes some people less sensitive to pain. This finding will appear in the Dec. 16 issue of the peer-reviewed Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, published by the American Chemical Society, the world's largest scientif...UM researchers discover 'key' to blood-brain barrier
...ock many substances from entering the brain, while allowing others to pass. For years, scientists knew little ...e proteins in the human brain holds the promise of allowing us to deliver new types of medications across the blood-brain barrier. It would be a boon to humanit......ution caused a temporary disruption of the barrier allowing for the passage of chemotherapy drugs. Neuwelt, who is now director of the Blood-Brain Barrier Program at OHSU, says this study shows the long-term effectiveness of the enhanced chemotherapy approach. "For years, many people considered a brain tumor...New understanding of a key control mechanism in the brain
...cess generates maximal diversity of if-then gates, allowing more complex and finer control over large numbers of neurons. A potential brain-mapping tool The researchers went on to reveal a remarkable ability of I-neurons: they can sense neurons that share the same functions in the brain. I-neurons "select"......cing the number of animals necessary for study and allowing investigators to more rapidly discern immune mechanisms of disease," said Vaitukaitis....Cranfield pioneers back pain research
...will be diagnosed more consistently and accurately allowing for the correct treatment to be given. Hundreds of patients at Swindon's Princess Margaret Hospital have taken part in this groundbreaking research into back pain. Marylin Vaughn and Steven Cavaill from the RMCS have been developing a computer syst...Expert calls for common sense, science in national response to medicinal herbs
...cepted as evidence of efficacy for phytomedicines, allowing the products to become an integral part of mainstream medicine." Author of more than 30 books, Tyler is distinguished professor emeritus of pharmacognosy at Purdue University and dean of pharmacy emeritus. He spoke Thursday (March 2) at the Universi...Nanostructures for drug delivery
...ds. The atomic bonds between the layers are weak, allowing them to be slid against each other or to be opened up. Using a basic mixing and melting method, the researchers were able to introduce molecular chains of PVA, which is a nontoxic and biodegradable inorganic polymer, between the layers, forming a la......n surrounds nerve fibers and acts as "insulation," allowing them to function properly. Previously, it was thought that damage to myelin was permanent and repair to the nervous system was not possible. In humans, damage to the myelin sheath can be caused by traumatic injury or by diseases such as multiple scl...NIAID public-private partnerships seek to develop HIV/AIDS vaccine
...ector to increase their AIDS vaccine efforts while allowing NIAID to work closely with its partners throughout the development process." Designing and testing vaccines for diseases like AIDS is an expensive and scientifically complex undertaking with no guarantees of success and little likelihood of significa......increases in HIV infection in recent years, we are allowing far too many infections to continue," says Dr. Gayle. "We have the tools to essentially stop the U.S. epidemic. What we need is the will and the resources to do it."...