Tobacco industry pays scientists to challenge secondhand smoke's link to infant death risk
...pers reveal a concerted effort by Philip Morris to influence the paper's content and conclusions. When the auth...ledgement mask the extent of the tobacco company's influence on the conclusion, but totally hidden from view is the fact that the article was essentially conceiv...English-speaking Hispanic youth more likely to have sex early
...nd ethnicity. Specific attention was given to the influence of their integration into U.S. culture among Hispa...or why we must gain a greater understanding of the influence of acculturation on children's health." (Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005; 159:295-297. Available pos...Study: Two brain systems regulate how we call for help
...y how a balance of two important brain systems can influence an individual's behavior and emotional expression in times of need," says Ned Kalin, senior author on the study and chair of psychiatry at UW Medical School. "The findings suggest that how open an individual is willing to be in asking for help may de...Studies underscore genetic involvement in nicotine addiction & aggressive hostility
...rotonin. Once again, gene polymorphisms appear to influence individual variance. Specific components of aggression in 58 participants appeared to relate to the U allele (variation) of a gene called TPH (tryptophan hydroxylase), a marker that might be linked to another yet unknown gene with specific and functi...A shallow hip socket predicts osteoarthritis of the hip
...ysplasia has been linked to premature hip OA. The influence of moderate acetabular dysplasia on the development of hip OA is less clear. To assess the role of moderate acetabular dysplasia in the onset of hip OA, a research team in the Netherlands conducted a lo...School-based smoking prevention programs ineffective
...programs in junior high or high school have little influence on whether teens choose to light up or not, accord...edia programs, which have been shown to negatively influence adolescent smoking. There were wide variations in study populations, type and intensity of interven...Both inherited traits and tumor mutations affect response to treatment of leukemia
...ect the potency of cancer drugs could have a major influence on the outcome of treatment." The goal of the St. Jude study was to determine whether the success or failure of chemotherapy for ALL was linked to any of 16 common genetic polymorphisms in genes that interact with the ALL chemotherapy. Polymorphisms ...Increasing physician volume requirement could improve mammogram accuracy, study concludes
... cancer per 2,500 examinations. "Most factors that influence the sensitivity of mammography are not easily modified, e.g., a woman's age, mammographic breast density, and a physician's years of experience. Physician volume and screening focus can be altered, particularly because the Mammography Quality Standar...Parents who quit smoking may influence their offspring to quit as young adults
...oking when their children are young may have a big influence on whether their offspring will quit smoking as young adults. "We found that parents quitting smoking early, before their children reach third grade, is associated with nearly double the chances that their children would quit smoking in young adultho...UCLA study shows that people drink less alcohol as they age
...drinking patterns? How do age, period, and cohort influence alcohol consumption over time? What demographic factors predict level of alcohol consumption and rate of change in alcohol consumption with increasing age? The researchers found that in general, white, married males with better education and income......recognize that there are other considerations that influence ethical treatment allocation besides equitable access, for example, the desire to maximize epidemic reduction, or the imperative to give priority to the least advantaged individuals. They say that their model can be adjusted and therefore "used by po...Hyperactive kids three times as likely to be removed from their families
...account of other negative social factors likely to influence the results, and are likely to apply to all hyperactive children seen by general paediatricians as well, say the authors. Family disruption/break-down might be avoided if the hyperactivity were recognised sooner and treated, they suggest. But an acco...Violence in the media can lead to aggressive behaviour in young children
...re taken into account, suggesting that some of the influence is independent of other factors. The authors outline areas that need further investigation along with several public health recommendations. They write that population studies with large samples are needed to find out whether violence in the media l...Folic acid recommendations have had little impact on birth defects
...ascertained. Recommendations alone did not seem to influence trends in neural tube defects, despite the proved effectiveness of folic acid. The authors estimate that thousands of pregnancies that would otherwise have been healthy were affected by neural tube defects in the study area alone since 1992. The most...Researchers track program's success in curbing aggressive behavior
... Dr. Brown said, the teacher draws on the powerful influence of a students' peers to collectively reinforce positive behavior. "The intervention also was effective over the long term for the boys at highest risk -- their rate of aggression was much lower in middle school, and even as far as young adulthood 1...Study associates alcohol use patterns with Body Mass Index
...s have shown that smoking and drinking interact to influence body weight, the current study looked only at current drinkers who had never smoked. Results of previous examinations of the relationship between drinking alcohol and body weight have been inconsistent. The authors noted that one possible reason for...Older doctors less likely to follow current standards of care
...t lower odds of adhering than younger doctors. The influence of a doctor's age or years in practice on performance was examined by 19 of the 62 studies. Of these, 14 studies, or 74 percent, found that older physicians were less likely to adhere to therapeutic standards. For example, one study examined the pres...Hypothyroidism associated with reduced breast cancer risk
...be done to explore the role of other hormones. The influence of thyroid gland disease on breast cancer has been...roid hormone receptors, which might provide enough influence on the target cells to help prevent breast cancer - perhaps even serving as a complement to tamoxife...Study finds happiness persists, despite illness
...l and healthy people, Ubel notes. It may also help influence policy-level and personal decisions about treatments for serious illnesses. For instance, someone who has been healthy but who is facing a decision about whether or not to have a colostomy, an amputation or a risky operation might worry that the pro...Nonhuman primate males more susceptible to age-related cognitive decline than females
...sion of Neuroscience, concluded a species' sex may influence age-related cognitive decline. "Given that spatial memory is sensitive to sex differences in humans and in nonhuman primates, we decided to focus our study on determining how cognitive aging differs between the sexes," said Lacreuse. According to La...