Repeated Exposure To Cocaine Alters Brain Structure
...ciency with which messages are transmitted between nerve cells, he said. The scientists also saw that drug-induced changes were localized in the nucleusaccumbens and the prefrontal cortex, brain regions where processes involvingreward, learning and memory normally take place. In recent experiments with coc...Study Finds Lymph Node Surgery Unnecessary For Many Breast Cancer Patients
...urgery, whichoften leaves a patient with scars and nerve damage, is not always crucial, givennew ways of combating breast cancer. Knowing lymph node status was also unlikelyto affect survival, they concluded in a study published in the May issue of theJournal of Clinical Oncology. "Patients with positive ...New Approach To Attacking Alzheimer's Disease Studied
.... Thefirst, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), works at nerve endings; current Alzheimer'sdisease drugs aim to temporarily disable it. The role of the other form,butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), is largely unknown. "Consequently, there has beenminimal interest (among drug makers) in the design, synthesis and dev...Biochemical Marker Targets Brain Injury Leading To Movement Problems After Stroke
...e. This region,known as the internal capsule, has nerve pathways that transmit signals to andfrom the brain. "When combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a visualization method fordetecting clots or blockages in the brain that trigger most strokes, MRSprovides scientists with a panoramic, interac...Nerve Cells Live Long And Talkative Lives In Sculpted Colonies On Silicon Chips
...arch and the hopes she has for the colonies of rat nerve cells she hascultured -- and even sculptured -- on...ery few in the world able to culture and studysuch nerve cell colonies. During the course of the nearly two years Brinton has been working with thetechnique ......ons concerning the corpuscallosum, a large body of nerve fibers that connects the right and lefthemispheres of the brain. Those studies showed that women have a relativelylarger corpus callosum than men. The corpus callosum, however, is composed ofwhite matter, the tissue type seen in this study at lower o...New Findings On Dopamine Receptor Biology: Implications For Mental Illness
...ceptorcan cause local increases in the fluidity of nerve membranes which can influencesynapse activity crit...on methyl groups essential to affecting changes in nerve cellmembranes. When this process is defective, it might contribute to schizophreniaor other psychiat...Cellular Implants Explored For Brain Trauma
...injuries. Last year, hNT cells -immortalized human nerve cellsdeveloped at Penn ten years ago - were successfully transplanted into a strokepatient in Pittsburgh. Recent articles in the Journal of Neurosurgery andJournal of Neurotrauma describe ongoing studies in which Penn researchers arestudying how impl...New Technique Induces Growth Across Spinal Cord Injury
...pinalcord regeneration. "We have actually tricked nerve cells into growing beyond the area of a spinalcord...hieved." It has been known for years that severed nerve fibers in the adult spinal cordcannot regenerate. However, damaged peripheral nerves - those in the...Immunex Files Supplemental NDA for NOVANTRONE
...r in myelin, thefatty substance that insulates the nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord. This substance helps conduct the flow of nerve impulses to and from the brain.In people with MS, the myelin is damaged, causing patches of scar tis...Discussion about learning processes reopens
... a long-standing assumption that boththe number of nerve cells and their connections in the human brain are...optimizeinformation transfer between communicating nerve cells by short intensiveelectrical stimuli and to measure this improvement as an increased response ......t of brain structures -- ranging from the abducens nerve to white matter --and instruct your portable brain to highlight the structure in vivid coloramidst its otherwise undifferentiated beige tissue? Duke medical students enjoyed just such a capability for the first time thisyear, thanks to a new neuroan...Using spatial illusion to learn how the brain processes sound
...wa, Ph.D.,describe how localization errors made by nerve cells in the brains of catsexposed to filtered sou...nd sensitive enough torecord signals from a single nerve cell. Using the microelectrode probes, U-Mresearchers recorded electrical activity from individual ...Coffee: a cause of neonatal seizures?
...ee, and in the absence of oxygen(for 3-4 minutes), nerve cells in the hippocampus showed paroxystic electri...s such as oxygenstarvation, adenosine protects the nerve circuits from uncontrolled excitation,which can be detrimental. Caffeine takes the place of adenosin......ose. When an odor molecule lands on areceptor, the nerve cell dispatches an electrical signal to the brain, whichprocesses this information to identify the smell. Theoretically, one could imagine that for every odor molecule there may be adifferent receptor, determined by specific genes. However, even if t...Mayo clinic researchers explore new methods to detect Parkinson's disease in at-risk individuals
...measure how much of the drug binds to theremaining nerve cells in the brain. Through these methods, Mayo Cl...ound that the amount of the drug that bound to the nerve cells intheir brain fell in a range between that of the Parkinson's disease patients andthe controls...NOVANTRONE application for multiple sclerosis granted priority review by FDA
...lin sheath, the fatty substance that insulates the nerve fibers of the brainand spinal cord. This demyelination process causes patches of scar tissue, or"sclerosis," which interfere with the nerve's ability to transport messages fromthe brain to body parts. This can result in a variety of symptoms that r...New study will revolutionise treatment for Parkinson's disease
...rkinson'sdisease. Parkinson's disease occurs when nerve calls in the brain, which produce achemical messenger known as dopamine, die or are damaged. L-dopa is the current gold standard treatment for Parkinson's disease, but isknown to cause disabling side effects known as dyskinesias (twitching, nodding...Keck Foundation funds research to repair the injured spinal cord
... cells can be chemicallyinstructed to develop into nerve cell precursors suitable for transplantationinto t...respond to."Our preliminary research suggests that nerve cell precursors are sensitive to achemical called glutamate," says Choi. "So drugs that block glutam...Jefferson scientist begins clinical trial to study promising Parkinson's disease drug
... to stimulate remaining brain cells to sprout new nerve endings andrescue other cells that might otherwise die," says Dr. Schneider, who last yearpublished evidence in the journal Neurology showing that GM1 may improvesymptoms in Parkinson's disease patients and perhaps even help slow progressionof the di...