Other highlights in the September 4 issue of JNCI
...the inner mitochondrial membrane and a decrease in oxygen consumption. These findings suggest that vanilloids may be useful for preventing or treating skin cancers. Contact: Laura Sussman, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 713-745-2457, lsussman@mdanderson.org Macrophage Activating Factor Shown to Have Antia...Vitamins C and E support breathing following an operation
...ealthy men to a test. The volunteers received less oxygen than normal for a period of three minutes. Prior to this some of the men had to take sedatives and vitamins C and E. Another group were not allowed vitamins. The group who had taken vitamins experienced fewer disruptions to the breathing than the con...Gene therapy promising for preventing restenosis
...ns that the body produces more free radicals. The oxygen derivatives known as free radicals are very active chemical compounds "that can destroy almost anything," he says. One of the most common of these compounds is the superoxide anion, a free radical that increases when the endothelium is damaged. At ...UCSB neuroscientist to receive award
...ournal of Ophthalmology, that supported the use of oxygen therapy with patients who are waiting for surgery ...hment. Using a feline model, the study showed that oxygen provided protection to the cells until the retina could be reattached. Fisher works with Robert Aver...American Thoracic Society Journal news tips for September (second issue)
...ninfectiousrespiratory failure, through the use of oxygen and corticosteroid drugs. His computed tomography scan showed that he suffered from patchy ground glass density, thickened bronchial walls, and abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleurathe delicate membrane covering the lung and the interior wall...University of Pittsburgh researchers develop a urinary catheter to monitor oxygen delivery to organs
...ans with immediate information about the amount of oxygen organs are receiving. Results of animal studies an...assive loss of blood greatly reduces the amount of oxygen delivered to all organs, which can result in organ damage. Current monitoring techniques to assess o...Antioxidant reduces brain damage in stroke model
...y of the cells that are injured, but not killed by oxygen deprivation, die in the hours following the stroke...smutase, but is effective against a wider range of oxygen radicals and lasts longer in the body. Now licensed by Incara Pharmaceuticals Corporation, they have...Doppler-guided fluid administration during surgery improves outcome
...r variables such as blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation were unreliable indicators of mild hypovolemia," Gan said. The issue of maintaining proper fluid volumes is an area in need of more research because of its prevalence and its effects on recovery after surgery, Gan said. "Many patients are ...Chemists create synthetic cytochromes
...n -- the red-colored proteins that carry and store oxygen in blood and muscles -- cytochromes carry electrons rather than oxygen atoms. "The heme is held very tightly in heme proteins, most commonly by bonds between the iron ion ...OHSU chemoprotectant technology licensed for biotechnology development
...ans that can result from the absence and return of oxygen in the blood. "Children are the largest group of patients that may benefit from STS," said Neuwelt. "Since hearing loss is an untreatable and currently unpreventable side effect of some of the most effective anti-cancer agents, we believe our resear...Rigorous, short-term diet-exercise program lowers heart disease risk
...rosis. Oxidative stress refers to the presence of oxygen free radicals that can attack cells and tissues and contributes to cardiovascular disease and other health problems.By the end of the program, none of the seven hypertensive men had high blood pressure. Systolic blood pressure was reduced by 14 perc...Mild injury may render brain cells vulnerable to immune system attack
...quired both calcium and chemicals called "reactive oxygen species." While the scientists do not understand these requirements, said McNamara, they believe that the finding might offer further clues to the metabolic pathway by which the neuron's defenses against complement are compromised. Importantly, said ...Analysis finds drug improves odds of complete stroke recovery
... an artery to the brain, cutting off the supply of oxygen and nutrients to nearby brain cells. As the cells die off, large amounts of chemicals that can poison surrounding cells are released. Researchers found that citicoline packs a one-two punch against stroke, blocking this chain reaction, while also ...Georgia Tech researchers developing biomechanic device to grow arteries for bypass surgery patients
...logged arteries to improve the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. However, many patients cannot use existing veins or arteries because the tissue is unsuitable for grafting or it has already been harvesting for a previous surgery. Up to 35 percent of patients lack saphenous veins or other suitable co...Caesarean delivery of twins may prevent deaths
... for all causes, 1 in 350 for death due to lack of oxygen (anoxia) during the birth, and 1 in 500 for anoxic death due to mechanical problems. These absolute risks are high in comparison with similar data for singleton term births in Scotland over the same period, say the authors. Since these deaths seem to...Hibernating squirrels provide clues for stroke, Parkinson's
...in - may get significant protective benefits. "The oxygen needs were dramatically reduced: that is how it works to protect the brain," Dr. Borlongan said of the animal cells. To study the role in Parkinson's, he put varying levels of delta opioid peptide into a culture containing dopaminergic cells, which ...Scripps Research Institute group designs DNA vaccine that inhibits growth of cancerous tumors
...w blood vessels that bring necessary nutrients and oxygen to the hungry tumor cells. Block angiogenesis, the thinking goes, and you can starve a tumor--like drying out a lake by diverting all its tributaries. The second approach involves attacking the tumor cells directly with a technique known as active im...Jefferson surgeons turning to light therapy for advanced lung cancer
...it absorbs the light energy and produces a form of oxygen that kills the cells. The damage occurs only where the light is shined. In the study, each patient is given chemotherapy until the cancer stops responding, meaning the disease begins to grow again. If the cancer has not spread beyond the chest, the ...Pre-term infants slower than full-terms at processing information
...ndrome and other conditions involving insufficient oxygen (hypoxic-ischemic events) on infant information processing speed is consistent with earlier data showing that these same medical risk factors adversely affect visual recognition memory in infancy," according to the authors. "It is not surprising to ...Growth hormone, sex steroid combination 'not ready for prime time'
... during a treadmill exercise test by the amount of oxygen consumed, is an important gauge of the body's capacity for work). Overall, both men and women exhibited significant increases in lean body mass and decreases in fat mass after treatment with hGH, and men treated with both hGH and testosterone had ...