Preventing HIV infection in newborns
... missed. Ari Bitnun and colleagues retrospectively reviewed the hospital charts of all infants diagnosed with perinatally acquired HIV infection between August 1999 and July 2001 and found 6 cases involving HIV-positive infants whose mothers did not know their own HIV status before or during their pregnancy. ...Patients prefer care from a nurse practitioner than from a doctor
... a study in this weeks BMJ. Researchers in Bristol reviewed 34 studies to determine whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors. They found that patients were more satisfied with care by a nurse practitioner. Nurse practitioners had longer consultations and carri...Simple blood test may be able to predict risk of preeclampsia
...irst trimester. The current report's investigators reviewed information from study participants who delivered single children in their first pregnancy and identified 45 cases of preeclampsia. They compared data on those women with information from 90 study participants randomly selected from those who had no...Spiral scan sees stroke blockage more clearly
... scans. Neurologists on the hospitals stroke team reviewed each case. They answered a series of questions at five points in the patients assessments. The first point was when the patients physical examination, symptoms and initial CT scan without the contrast dye were completed. The last was when all the...Scientific society recognizes womens contributions to the Manhattan Project
... advances at this site and their successes will be reviewed and put into perspective. Michelle Gerber, Hanford Site Historian, Fluor Hanford, Richland, Wash., (author of On the Home Front: The Cold War Legacy of the Hanford Nuclear Site ). Women of the Hanford Engineer Works. From the onset of the war in E...Tobacco industry strategies for influencing European community tobacco advertising legislation
... the University of California, San Francisco, USA, reviewed online collections of tobacco industry documents f... US Master Settlement Agreement of 1998. Documents reviewed dated from 1978 to 1994 and came from Philip Morris, R J Reynolds, and Brown and Williamson (British...Beth Israel Deaconess study documents outstanding surgical outcomes for diabetes patients
... Jr., M.D., and David R. Campbell, M.D., the study reviewed the cases of more than 6,500 major vascular procedures over a 10-year period between January 1990 and May 31, 2000. The registry database, which remains in existence, thoroughly documents the surgical outcomes of every patient undergoing vascular sur...Emory researchers study low testosterone and Parkinson's disease in men
...placement in male PD patients." Emory researchers reviewed the cases of five male Parkinsons patients who came to their clinic with unexplained loss of energy and vitality. These patients were not responsive to anti-parkinsonian and anti-depressant medications and had no evidence of other conditions such as...Adult sleepwalking may be genetic disorder
...ased muscle activity during REM sleep. Researchers reviewed the records of all 74 patients. For 43 patients, they conducted interviews, questionnaires and tests of brain waves while awake. They also conducted sleep tests in 53 patients. Sleepingwalking had been occurring since childhood in 58 percent of the ...Drug cocktail prevents hepatitis B virus from recurring after liver transplant
...nsplant patients, UCLA researchers retrospectively reviewed survival rates of hepatitis B liver-transplantation patients. Their findings show that a combination of two drug therapies improved patient survival rates when compared to existing drug therapies given alone and that long-term treatment dramatically...Human rabies often caused by undetected, tiny bat bites
... Army Institute of Research in Silver Spring, Md., reviewed the 24 cases of humans with bat rabies, and medical and scientific literature. He found it is highly unlikely for bat rabies to be transmitted to humans through the air or passed to humans from an animal that was infected with bat rabies, such as a c...Heartburn surgery helps lung transplant patients
...aspiration. For his analysis, Davis prospectively reviewed the records of 108 Duke lung transplant patients. Of those patients, 70 (65 percent) had documented cases of GERD, and 34 of those went on to receive the fundoplication surgery. Of those receiving the surgery, 21 had signs of BOS, which is rated on a...Surprising findings on Medicaid kids and the ER
... ER. So, Stanley and a non-physician independently reviewed what the parents said when asked about the child's condition and their decision to bring them to the ER. They judged that the parent's decision to use the ER represented a logical choice for about half of the visits, despite the low urgency of the c...Study indicates no natural limit to life expectancy
...ersity, England. In their study, Vaupel and Oeppen reviewed longevity data from developed countries, including Australia, Iceland, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the U.S. They found that life expectancy in such countries is steadily increasing by three months a year, per year. "The k...Dental x-rays may detect potential for heart attack, stroke and death
...ass surgery, stroke, diabetes or obesity were also reviewed for both groups. They found that 34 patients in Group 1 (with CAC) had greater than one risk factor, while seven had no risk factors at all. In Group 2 (without CAC), the investigators found that 29 patients had more than one risk factor, while eig...USPSTF urges primary care doctors to screen all adults for depression
...reening for depression. Since then, the task force reviewed new evidence from randomized trials that tested various screening tools and types of interventions for depression. Five percent to nine percent of adult patients in primary care settings suffer from depression, the task force found, and up to 50 perc...Profit vs. non-profit health care
...profit hospitals in the United States. The authors reviewed and analyzed 15 observational studies involving more than 26 000 hospitals and 38 million patients. They found that in the 15 studies of adult populations, with adjustments for potential confounders, private for-profit hospitals were associated with ...Experts recommend increased funding, focus on resuscitation science
...000, during which a panel of resuscitation experts reviewed the status of resuscitation science and sought to chart a course to improve the science. Their recommendations: Develop a National Center for Resuscitation Research, a multiple agency collaboration focusing on resuscitation science and related acti...That scar on your arm won't help if the man next to you has smallpox
...or dealing with a smallpox outbreak, which will be reviewed this month, assume that no one is immune anyway. In Britain, where smallpox vaccination stopped in 1980, the Department of Health is taking the same approach. "We won't be relying on any current immunity of the population," says a spokesman. Nevert...New journal series will educate physicians about medical errors
...hysicians, according to the editors. "The incident reviewed in the first article raises disturbing questions about the adequacy of patient safety systems in hospitals," said Mark Chassin, MD, chairman of health policy at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and lead author of "The Wrong Patient." Chassin formerly s...