Rice scientist recognized as pioneer in tissue engineering
...y've accumulated strong experimental evidence that show their methods can be used to tailor implanted materials to attract certain cell types and direct their migration and differentiation to aid in the regeneration of specific tissues in desired areas. Recently, the Mikos laboratory has been working on c...Thinking of prepositions turns brain 'on' in different ways
...," to "I will meet you 'at' 3 p.m." These examples show how time may be thought of metaphorically in terms of space. Just because it's the same word, however, doesn't mean the brain thinks about it the same way, said David Kemmerer, an assistant professor of psychological sciences and linguistics at Pu...Beliefs may hinder HIV prevention among African-Americans
...he study. "But this is one of the first studies to show that these beliefs about HIV/AIDS may be affecting behavior." The researchers conducted a national telephone survey with 500 randomly selected African Americans, ages 15-44. Included in the survey were questions about HIV/AIDS beliefs, attitudes tow...Vaccinating school children and high risk groups is best strategy for slowing flu transmission
...Journal of Epidemiology . The mathematical models show that vaccinating about 70 percent of school children, ages 6 to 18, with influenza vaccine would reduce community-wide transmission to very low levels. School children are the population group generally most responsible for transmission of influenza...Study finds no evidence of a 'cancer personality'
...iated with an increased risk. Some studies further show that these personality traits influence known risk behaviors that would explain the increased cancer risk. However, other studies, some with larger study populations and better study designs, have found no such associations. Pernille Hansen, M.A. of...Obesity may affect accuracy of prostate screening
...ighest BMI at 34 percent higher risk. Studies also show obesity is associated with poor prognostic association as well. Obese men with prostate cancer are diagnosed at more advanced stages and have higher mortality rates. Hypotheses include tumorigenic links to elevated hormones, such as estrogen and insu...Fat quality more important than fat quantity in reducing risk of cardiovascular deaths in men
... support for the advice. Some metabolic studies show that polyunsaturated fats lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration [the so-called 'bad cholesterol'], while saturated fat increases LDL-C. Linoleic acid is a liquid polyunsaturated fatty acid abundant in plant fat and ...More studies on risks and benefits of COX-2 inhibitors published in Archives of Internal Medicine
...ors conclude: "The results of this analysis do not show a difference in the rate of cardiovascular events between COX-2 inhibitors and nonnaproxen NSAIDs. Given that the study population had higher baseline cardiovascular risk, these observations provide more confidence that the widespread use of COX-2 in......sures both magnetism and gravity. These satellites show that the danger zone for satellites over Brazil and the South Atlantic is growing wider towards the southern Indian Ocean. The Earth's magnetic field is becoming generally weaker at an astonishing rate. When a French-Danish team compared rsted's res...Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood may increase HIV risk
...alth behaviors are poorly understood. Our findings show how neighborhood characteristics and stressors, such as crime, abandoned buildings, loitering, unemployment, crowding and litter lead to greater depression. Individuals who have high levels of depression tend to take more illicit drugs and engage in ...Study estimates number of excess cases of coronary heart disease caused by Vioxx
...coxib use were fatal. "In the future, when trials show that a new treatment confers a greater risk of a serious adverse effect than a standard treatment, we must be much more careful about allowing its unrestrained use." In an accompanying commentary Simon RJ Maxwell and David J Webb (University of Edinb...Sildenafil effectively treats enlarged hearts, mouse study shows
...l Nature Medicine online Jan. 23, are the first to show that sildenafil is an effective treatment for a chronic heart condition. It is also the first study to reveal that the enzyme pathway blocked by sildenafil (PDE5A), never before known to play a significant role in the heart, is active when the heart...Study shows drugs such as Vioxx and Celebrex were widely over-used long before recent problems
... from the National Center for Health Statistics to show that most of the growth in COX-2 use between 1999 and 2002 occurred in patients at little risk for side effects from the drugs COX-2s were developed to replace. "We found a rapid nationwide shift away from older, inexpensive drugs with better establi...JCI table of contents, January 20 2005
...n and subsequent bone breakdown. Furthermore, they show that IL-4 is able to block TNF and IL-1induced RAN...rchers have created mice lacking the ATRX gene and show how mutations in this gene cause changes within the brain resulting in the severe mental retardation...Study confirms ICDs more effective in preventing sudden cardiac death than medical therapies
...lts of this trial, combined with those of DEFINITE show that they are indeed cost-effective when used in the appropriate population," explains Dr. Kadish. "Patients with an ejection fraction the percentage of blood that is pumped out of a filled ventricle with each heartbeat of less than 31 percent sho...New research shows heroin use falling across Scotland
...come an addiction for, but hopefully these figures show people are beginning to stop and embrace training and employment. However, the fact that around 1% of Scots are still misusing substances such as heroin is a very real concern.' Around 30% of drug users are female and 70% are male in Scotland. The ...Discovery of pathway in learning impairment caused by liver disease may lead to drug treatment
...unts] or with hyperammonemia without liver failure show the same alterations in the function of the [glutamate-nitric oxide-cGMP] pathway, extracellular cGMP and learning ability indicates that hyperammonemia, which is the only common alteration in both models, is responsible for the alteration of the fun...Lifestyle changes especially effective at preventing type 2 diabetes in adults aged 60 and older
...ype 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Studies show that while adults over 60 are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, losing a small amount of weight and increasing physical activity is especially effective in reducing that risk among this age group. To spread the word that diabetes prevention fo...Spinal repair pioneer to speak in NY on 20th Jan
...and we were the first, and still the only, team to show that this repair resulted in a restoration of the ability to breathe. Very promising ongoing studies are investigating whether this approach can also restore bladder, bowel and sexual functions. "An especially encouraging feature of these transplant...Study of CPR quality reveals frequent deviation from guidelines
...the 19 January 2005 issue of JAMA, the researchers show that, even in the hospital setting, chest compress...the guidelines." This pilot study was too small to show a detectable difference in results between optimal and flawed CPR. Survival rates were just as good...