Important priorities for prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS
...renewed public-health strategy to prevent sexually transmitted HIV. Against a background of twenty years of debate over the value of different behaviour-change approaches, authors Daniel Halperin (University of California San Francisco, USA) and colleagues outline evidence-based objectives for the various popula...Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection differs for men and women
The age-specific prevalence of sexually transmitted human papillomavirus infection in women differs substantially from that in men who have sex with men, according to a new study published in the December 15 issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases , now available online. The study, led by Peter V...Encouraging results from vaccine trial to reduce cervical cancer
...e first licensed vaccine against a common sexually transmitted infection. However, the implementation should be accomplished in a controlled way with community randomised trials. Several questions on the effectiveness and the public-health impact of vaccine implementation remain unanswered. How to implement HPV ...HPV vaccine shown to 'substantially' reduce cervical cancer
...r cases. HPV is a commonly occurring infection, transmitted by skin to skin contact, most commonly through normal sexual interactions. Although most cases of HPV resolve themselves through natural immunity, a percentage of cases will progress to cervical cancer. Currently, an estimated 280,000 women die fro...Astronauts submit first medical research paper from space
...am, real-time ultrasound video of the shoulder was transmitted to experienced sonologists in the Telescience Center at the Johnson Space Center in Houston. The sonologists verbally guided the astronaut operator through probe manipulation and equipment adjustment to obtain optimal images for a complete rotator cu...NIH recognizes IU as leader in STD research
...U's prominent position as one of only six sexually transmitted disease research centers in the United States. The...quisition, prevention and pathogenesis of sexually transmitted infections in young women. Specific projects include:studies of sexual behaviors among adolescents t...Occult hepatitis B in dialysis patients
...and function tests. Occult HBV infection can be transmitted to others, according to available data involving chimpanzees, infants and transfusion and organ recipients. "Until data exist indicating whether nosocomial transmission of occult HBV can occur in susceptible dialysis patients and/or staff, screening ...UCSF receives $21 million NIH contract for sexually transmitted infection research
...ntion and diagnostic products for non-HIV sexually transmitted infections (STI). The trials will cover a full ran...chnologies to prevent, diagnose and treat sexually transmitted infections available for the most vulnerable populations, there is also an urgent need to build glob...Capsule endoscopy aids in detection of small bowel tumors inaccessible to other diagnostic tests
...o transmitter. Images of the intestinal tract are transmitted twice each second by radio frequency to an array of sensors worn around the patient's abdomen and the signals are digitally recorded on a device that is later downloaded. The patient swallows the capsule in the morning and wears the recording device ...NIAID launches program to improve medical tools against emerging infectious diseases
...tious diseases such as HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections, influenza, tuberculosis, malaria and illness from potential agents of bioterrorism. NIAID also supports research on transplantation and immune-related illnesses, including autoimmune disorders, asthma and allergies....Studies demonstrate positive data in treatment of hepatitis C
...ting therapies. A viral infection, hepatitis C is transmitted through exposure to infected blood. The virus, which affects an estimated 4 million individuals nationwide, is able to survive and flourish inside the body by taking up residence in the liver cells, and subsequently using the cells' inner machinery t......tion about sexual anatomy and physiology, sexually transmitted diseases, methods of birth control, and women's reproductive health problems. There is a section on seven new methods of family planning approved by the FDA, and a section on menopause. In addition to being one of seven senior authors for the book, ...Promise of stem cells amplified
...e axons, allowing electrical signals to be rapidly transmitted to other cells in the brain and body. Spinal cord injury results in a cut through the axons, breaking the information circuit and resulting in paralysis. Even if the neurons are able to regrow new axons, they require oligodendrocytes to form new mye...Promising results for malaria vaccine trial
... people- could be living in areas where malaria is transmitted . The malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A has shown promise as a potential vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria (the most severe form of the disease); it acts at the 'pre-erythrocytic stage', ie, before the red blood cells become infected. Pedro L A...DOE labs, universities and second sight partner to speed development of 'artificial retina'
...gh a microcomputer worn on a belt. The signals are transmitted to the electrode array in the eye. The array stimulates optical nerves, which then carry a signal to the brain. The first prototype implants contain 16 electrodes. The next prototype, with 50-100 electrodes, is in preclinical trials. The project's ...U. Va. researchers unravel a central mystery of how hearing happens
...RPA1 converts sound into nerve impulses, which are transmitted to the brain. Identification of the protein and the gene that encodes TRPA1, could allow for future treatments for deafness. "This is one of the most significant findings in sensory biology, detailing an ingeniously simple, but remarkably sensitive ...Texas Children's Hospital specialists say proactive approach best defense against flu season
...t." The flu -- formally known as "influenza" -- is transmitted through contact with an infected person, through air droplets or contaminated items. The virus produces a febrile respiratory tract illness that can lead to a primary viral pneumonia, which can be severe enough to result in hospitalization or requi...Gene from 1918 virus proves key to virulent influenza
...hough it came from an avian species. That's why it transmitted so efficiently among humans." A third and intriguing finding of the study is that blood from the now very elderly survivors of the 1918 pandemic had high antibody titers to the engineered virus, Kawaoka says. "People who were infected with this viru...$25 million funds health promotion studies at UT School of Public Health
...s, alcohol abuse, risky sexual behaviors, sexually transmitted diseases and teen pregnancy. Researchers also study issues that affect adult health, such as communicating about flu vaccinations and colorectal and prostate cancer screenings. "During the past 17 years our goal has been to translate research into p...Envisat Symposium day one: Steady symphony of Europe's largest satellite
...n satellite more than 50% of Envisat data are now transmitted via Artemis. For the future, Envisat will remain a crucial part of the joint ESA-European Commission Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) initiative to develop an independent planetary monitoring capability, which continues to make ...