What can change in the brain? Electrical synapses, research shows
...h two different drugs. All three techniques either activated or blocked metabotropic glutamate receptors or mGluRs, a type of neural trigger that responds to the amino acid glutamate, a trans-mitter molecule in the brain. The result: a long-lasting, 20 to 30 percent reduction in electrical synapse strength. Wh...Research clarifies how brain replenishes memory-making molecules
...thought. The silencing molecule, known as ANQX, is activated by exposure to brief pulses of ultraviolet light, so the scientists could shine light on neurons treated with ANQX and inactivate AMPA receptors on the neuron surface. Researchers then could use continuous electrophysiological recordings to measure t...NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works
...es/2005/tb_pa_824.htm .) PA-824 must be chemically activated in the bacterium before it exerts its anti-tubercular effect, notes Dr. Barry. Earlier research had sketched out the first few steps in this process, but Dr. Barry and his colleagues wanted to pinpoint the precise protein that binds PA-824 and transf...Cell stress protein linked to aggressive breast cancer
...respond to drugs that block this important pathway activated by alphaB-crystallin," Cryns said. Cryns' laboratory group also observed that non-cancerous breast cells genetically manipulated to express alphaB-crystallin form aggressive breast tumors when injected into mice, confirming their malignant nature. ...Cancer researchers describe gene that halts spread of aggressive childhood cancer
...hown, in normal human cells, that caspase 8 can be activated even without signals from the immune system, particularly when the cell is present in a foreign location. This acts as a mechanism to ensure the cells would survive only in appropriate tissues; for example, liver cells in liver tissue and skin cells ...Understanding fatigue in chronic liver disease
...ted and examined to see if they were activated, as activated endothelium tends to interact with activated immune cells. In addition, researchers analyzed TNF-alpha (a messenger protein involved in inflammat...New insight into machinery of immune cells' 'tentacles'
...lament formation. What's more, when the scientists activated T cells with a "superantigen," they detected Abi at the contacts between T cells and B cells. Their experiments also revealed that the binding of Abi to Wave was required for Abi to reach the contact point. The researchers' experiments also revealed ...Researchers discover new way to stimulate brain to release antioxidants
...rted evidence that this protective response can be activated directly in nerve cells to release antioxidants and counter oxidative stress," said Stuart Lipton, M.D., Ph.D., Director of the Del E. Webb Center for Neurosciences and Aging at the Burnham Institute and senior author of the study. "These findings p...Blockade of fat hormone helps halt and heal multiple sclerosis
...ruction of the nerve-insulating material myelin by activated T cells. Leptin is known to play a critical role in the regulation of food intake, metabolism, and the immune response. Since it had been previously shown that leptin is expressed in active inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system during EA...Potential treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage under study
...Dr. Hall says. She hopes NovoSeven, or recombinant activated factor VIIa, will. Activated factor VIIa is a subs... approved to treat clot-based or ischemic strokes, activated factor VIIa for hemorrhage needs to be given as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms to mini...New compound stops brain cell degeneration in Alzheimer's disease
...ept that targeting over-production of cytokines by activated glia is a viable approach that has the potential to modulate disease onset and progression, the researchers said. Decline of cognitive functions linked to the part of the brain called the hippocampus is a clinical hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Th...JCI table of contents: January 19, 2006
...how that although the germinal centers (GCs, where activated B cells mature) were infrequent and poorly formed in XLP patients, the production of IgM by IgM+CD27+ B cells was similar to that of normal individuals. These results show that the IgM+CD27+ memory B cells in XLP patients are not completely devoid of...Immune system response to viral DNA is unique
...ensors," Stetson said. "The unique immune response activated by foreign DNA suggests that DNA viruses and RNA viruses are detected by different mechanisms." Stetson said one important question raised by these findings is how this newly described system avoids responding to genomic DNA that is contained within...Common bacteria pirate natural mechanism to get inside cells
...created vesicle and be degraded or resurface to be activated once again. Bacteria and viruses also want inside cells and out of the direct line of fire of the immune system or treatments such as antibiotics for bacterial infections, Dr. Daaka says. "Some bacteria and viruses bind to receptors on the plasma mem...Cause of ongoing pain discovered
...he skin or other tissues to the spinal cord. When activated through damage or disease, these nerve fibres fire electrical impulses that travel along the fibre from the site of injury to the spinal cord, from where information is sent to the brain. The faster the undamaged fine fibres fire, the stronger the on...BRCA1 gene found to inhibit two sex hormones, not just one
...n the breast is tightly regulated and is primarily activated when growth in cells is needed, such as during the female menstrual cycle and to support a pregnancy. A cell's use of progesterone and other such hormones is controlled by specific receptor proteins, located inside cells, which bind on to the hormone...Headache, sleep problems connected in children
...citing and get the child interested, motivated and activated -- should not be in the bedroom. Also, it's important for children to have a routine for calming down and preparing for sleep the last hour they plan to be awake. They should choose activities that make them drowsy, like reading." If a child with bo...JCI table of contents, January 26, 2006
...suggest that identifying how TLR9 and MyD88 become activated may lead to new therapies for MS. TITLE: Innate immunity mediated by TLR9 modulates pathogenicity in an animal model of multiple sclerosis AUTHOR CONTACT: Marco Prinz, Georg-August-University, Gottingen, Germany Phone: 49-551-39-14340; Fax: 49-5...Who's the liar? Brain MRI stands up to polygraph test
... tells a lie. "We have detected areas of the brain activated by deception and truth-telling by using a method t...ue areas of the brain, and more of them, that were activated during the deceptive process than during truth-telling," Dr. Mohamed said. In producing a deceptive ...UCI researchers prove a single memory is processed in three separate parts of the brain
...asting memories. The amygdala has been shown to be activated by the release of these hormones. ABOUT THE STUDY: In the study, the rats were placed inside a box to familiarize themselves with that context. On the second day, they were confined to a dark compartment of the same box for only a few seconds and giv...