Barbara B. Kahn, M.D., elected to Institute of Medicine
...alized cells in the brain respond to nutrients and hormones and send out signals that regulate food intake and body weight. Most recently, the Kahn lab identified a novel protein secreted from fat cells that may be a new target for treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes. Kahn has published more than 145......e years ago when studies revealed that suppressing hormones in prostate tumors destroys tiny blood vessels that carry oxygen to cells within the tumor. But oxygen also plays a critical role in biochemical pathways that help radiation kill cancer cells by immobilizing their DNA repair process. If true, these...Focus on lung cancer: How to prevent and treat it
...mors, and have found that glucocorticoids (steroid hormones produced by the adrenal gland) are particularly effective in inhibiting cancer formation in mice. A recent phase IIb study of inhaled budesonide, a corticosteroid, did not show any efficacy in regressing or preventing precursor lesions for squamous ...New findings help explain how brain pathways control body weight
...ody (including information provided by circulating hormones such as leptin and ghrelin and from fuels such as glucose and fatty acids). It then integrates this sensory information with cues it has received from the outside world (such as aromas and other enticements) along with information gathered from the o...Johns Hopkins celebrates its first century of neuroscience
...tor of neurosurgery. His research established that hormones secreted from the brain's pituitary gland promote growth. Walter Dandy, who succeeded Cushing, figured out in 1918 that air could be used to enable X-rays of the brain. His technique remained the best way to see into the skull to identify brain tumor...Sexually satisfied but feeling frumpy: It's body image, not 'the change'
...men has created a heightened interest in marketing hormones and other medications to midlife women to insure sexual functioning and satisfaction. Our results suggest that 'treatment,' via medication, of menopausal effects for this purpose seems unwarranted in light of the findings that menopausal status did ...Jefferson scientists show protein in heart and adrenal gland plays critical role in heart failure
... response, goes to work, releasing catecholamines hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine in an ill-conceived attempt to stimulate the heart. Catecholamines are released from two sources nerve terminals and from the adrenal gland, from which they enter the circulation. Dr. Koch and his co-workers wo...NHLBI research highlights at American Heart Association's scientific sessions
...ostmenopausal women with higher levels of male sex hormones levels have greater prevalence of coronary artery ...ay, November 15) The relationship between male sex hormones called androgens and atherosclerosis in women is poorly understood. Some studies have found an incre...Higher placental weight associated with increased maternal breast cancer risk
...increased risk of breast cancer, possibly from the hormones produced by the placenta, according to a study in ...ls of estrogens, progesterone and placental growth hormones are many times higher during pregnancy than during other periods of life, and pregnant women also ar...Dogs ease anxiety, improve health status of hospitalized heart failure patients
...lowering pressures, diminishing release of harmful hormones and decreasing anxiety among hospitalized heart failure patients. Benefits exceeded those that resulted from a visit with a human volunteer or from being left alone. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has been shown to reduce blood pressure in healthy an...Exercise linked to reduced breast cancer risk
... that exercise activity can lower levels of female hormones circulating in the blood, particularly estrogen an...s believe that higher circulating levels of female hormones may raise breast cancer risk by stimulating breast cells to divide and multiply. Women who exercise ...Research reveals likely connection between early-life stress and teenage mental health problems
... this report, the researchers tracked reproductive hormones and the incidence of menstrual bleeding in female monkeys throughout puberty and found that there were no differences in the timing of puberty onset in animals that had experienced early-life stress compared to control animals. This finding suggests ...Researchers reveals how certain chemicals protect the brain against cell damage
...staglandins are a class of compounds that act like hormones by binding to specific receptors. Their many functions include constricting and relaxing blood vessels, controlling clotting, causing pain, and both increasing and decreasing inflammation. Because neuroinflammation is thought to play a role in the de...Psychologists glimpse biological imprint of childhood neglect
...ears of life could sway the normal activity of two hormones - vasopressin and oxytocin - that play an essentia...ial to making the link between social behavior and hormones was the work of co-author Toni Ziegler, an endocrinologist at the UW-Madison National Primate Resear...Trust-building hormone short-circuits fear in humans
...e amygdala in women, the mode of action of related hormones such as vasopressin, and how genetic variants in these hormones and their receptors affect brain function," he added. Also participating in the research were: Peter...Acne, milk and the iodine connection
...products may be linked to teen-age acne. But is it hormones and "bioactive molecules," as a study in the Journ...he said, "the connection could be a combination of hormones and iodine." It's important to bring the iodine connection to the fore to encourage the dairy indust...Toward the future of cancer prevention
...Gene variants involved in metabolism of chemicals, hormones and folic acid; DNA repair genes; Agents that push cells to mutate, or change; Length of telomeres (protein caps that stabilize chromosomes); Genes that control the cell cycle; Genes involved in inflammation; Methylation (addition of methyl gro...Blocking the nerve receptor EP1 in mouse models reduces brain damage caused by stroke
...h "signaling" molecules such as nerve chemicals or hormones insert themselves. This binding activates the receptor, which transfers the signal into the cell to produce a specific response. COX inhibitors block the ability of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to make prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a hormonelike s...Magnesium in your diet could lead to stronger bones
...may process vitamin D and other calcium regulating hormones differently than whites, thus possibly explaining the lack of association between magnesium and bone density among them in this study. "Although this [1% increase] seems small, increases across a population may have large public health impact," state...Air pollution, high-fat diet cause atherosclerosis in laboratory mice
...und that the constrictive effect of certain stress hormones was increased in the arteries of the particle-exposed mice, while the ability of the arteries to dilate was impaired," said Rajagopalan. "This suggests the artery function had been compromised." According to Rajagopalan, the effects on plaque product...