Use of antibiotic to treat infectious eye disease trachoma may increase risk for reinfection
.... "Collectively, the data are consistent with the hypothesis that systemic azithromycin treatment may interrupt the duration of infection, interfering with host immune responses and, thereby, increase the number of individuals who are susceptible to C trachomatis re-infection. The strategy of targeting only a...Study suggests menthol cigarette smokers may have more difficulty quitting smoking
...ornia, San Francisco, and colleagues examined this hypothesis in 1,535 smokers who were part of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. The researchers measured the association between exposure to menthol cigarettes and smoking cessation (quitting); coronary calcification, or a bui...Fatty fish consumption associated with lower risk of kidney cancer in women
...sk," the authors write. "Our results support the hypothesis that frequent consumption of fatty fish may lower the risk of RCC possibly due to increased intake of fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaneoic acid as well as vitamin D," they write. "Our results, however, require confirmation becau...ESA experiments with spaceflight participant Ansari to ISS
... gravity. Scientists have therefore developed a hypothesis that lower back pain may develop without compression of the vertebrae. The explanation of the problem comes from the fact that the lower part of the vertebrae, the sacral bone, has to be kept in position between the two hipbones. And a deep 'muscle c...Jefferson researchers find potential biomarket for heart failure
...d prescription drug and device therapy to test our hypothesis that GRK2 can be a surrogate marker for determination of a given patient's response to treatment," Dr. Koch explains....Barrow receives a $382,869 grant from the National Institutes of Health
...es inhibition. Barrow scientists are testing a new hypothesis that GABA may cause excitement as opposed to inhibition in some HH neurons and cause seizures. Barrow is one of a few centers in the country that performs surgeries on patients with HH. This provides a foundation for the hospital to develop new str...Recent study confirms warning signs of painkiller abuse
...ent. Gatchel's findings largely indicate that the hypothesis was correct. Higher PMQ (H-PMQ) scores correlate with higher levels of substance abuse, psychopathology and physical/life functioning problems amongst patients, as confirmed by the study. Specifically, those scoring within the H-PMQ range are found t...When preventing pre-eclampsia, a little carbon monoxide goes a long way
...r. Dr. Graeme Smith and colleagues examined this hypothesis using tissue from term human placentas obtained following elective caesarian section from nonsmoking, low-risk women. When cultured tissues were exposed to oxidative stress (hypoxia and re-oxygenation), syncytiotrophoblast cell death occurred. Howeve...Obesity leads to more aggressive ovarian cancer
...sing risk of mortality. "This study supports the hypothesis that obesity impacts ovarian cancer mortality by influencing tumor biology," conclude the authors. Additionally, the researchers observed "significant differences in the risk of cancer progression and cancer-related mortality associated with increasi...Scientists learn more about how roughage keeps you 'regular'
...es, Dr. McNeil showed proof of his then decade-old hypothesis that cells with internal membranes use those membranes to repair potentially lethal outer-membrane injuries. A recent paper published in Nature in collaboration with Dr. Kevin Campbell's laboratory at the University of Iowa showed how human disease, ...New approach assesses risk of water-borne pathogen disease
...ce (PLoS) Medicine. "What we found supported our hypothesis that severe leptospirosis in the Peruvian Amazon is associated with higher concentrations of more virulent forms of the bacteria at sites of exposure and transmission," said Joseph Vinetz, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine in UCSD's Division of I...Mapping the neural landscape of hunger
...its constituent units." "Our results support the hypothesis that while single neurons are preferentially responsive to variations in metabolic status, neural ensembles appear to integrate the information provided by these neural sensors to maintain similar levels of activity across comparable behavioral state...Link between autism and abnormal blood-vessel function and oxidative stress
...ic syndrome. Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that oxidative imbalance may also play a role in this disease: autism is characterized by an impaired anti-oxidant defense system, higher free-radical production, and improvement of behavioral symptoms after taking anti-oxidants. "In general, it is...Hearing loss and high-speed dental tools
...h occupational or recreational noise exposure? Our hypothesis is that if dental professionals utilize hearing protective devices, they will exhibit less noise-induced hearing loss than dental professionals who do not protect their ears." Charles (Mark) Malloy, D.M.D., M.S., assistant professor of prosthodonti...Chronically high blood sugar linked to risk of cognitive impairment
... The authors conclude, "This finding supports the hypothesis that abnormal glycemic control is linked to an increased risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly women." The authors note that there are a number of possible reasons why chronically high blood sugar may cause cognitive impai...Call for data on reuse of surgical instruments to allay fears over vCJD transmission
...o the onset of clinical symptoms which support the hypothesis that cases via this route are possible. They then apply a mathematical framework to assess the potential for self-sustaining epidemics via surgical procedures. They conclude that further research is needed into how surgical instruments are used so...Lung disease study hope for premature babies
...e, which we are involved with, is testing the same hypothesis as the US study but in a European population as there are many things that differ in relation to premature baby care between the US and Europe. Early results will take another 2 years....Study identifies potential drug target for Huntington's disease
...1 activation could be protective." To test this hypothesis the MIND researchers first ran a computer search of their small-molecule library for potential novel inhibitors of PARP1, searching for those with structural similarities to known inhibitors. "Safety and efficacy of human drugs depends on many facto...Protein potentially links diet, obesity and asthma
...l field about the underlying causes of asthma. The hypothesis proposes that childhood infection and environmental factors such as diet and airborne pollution contribute to a predisposition to this condition. Michael Rolph and colleagues from The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, now show for the fir...Study details why listeriosis rates are 20-fold higher during pregnancy
...e to invade the placenta in the first place: Their hypothesis was that the pathogens first infected organs such as the liver and moved from there to the placenta, an organ that, once infected, provides a protective niche for pathogens. Bakardjiev, who is a pediatric infectious diseases specialist, chose guinea ...