JCI table of contents: May 1, 2007
...ammalian cells. The authors found that, in mice, loss of the gene encoding GGTase-I in cells that would normally produce lung tumors driven by the oncogene K-RAS, resulted in delayed onset and decreased severity of lung cancer in these animals. The findings suggest that, if these results hold true in hu...Why losing money may be more painful than you think
...reward and defensive systems relating to financial loss were very similar to motivational systems previously identified in rats, which suggests they have hijacked an evolutionarily old system connected to avoiding fear and pain. "This provides a sort of biological justification for the popular concept o...LAP-BAND System surgery improves insulin resistance
...ntrolling diabetes, even before substantial weight loss has occurred. Fewer studies investigating reductions in cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors after LAGB have been published. This study was undertaken to determine the overall and gender-related effects of LAGB on body composition, insulin resis...Your brain and hormones may conspire to make you fat
...elopment of an NPY5 receptor antagonist for weight loss he will review the development of MK-0557, a drug ...rted safety and effectiveness. A short-term weight loss study led to a large long-term series of clinical trials. Many lessons in neurobiology and drug deve...Exercise science principles strengthen swallowing rehabilitation
...blems, can also result from aging and accompanying loss of muscle strength. "We swallow a thousand times or more per day, just our own saliva, without even thinking about it," says Dr. Lori Burkhead, speech-language pathologist and clinical research scientist at the Medical College of Georgia Department...Widowhood's economic consequences harshest on minority women
...terparts, widowhood resulted in a greater relative loss in total assets for the minorities. Black women who became widowed suffered a loss that was five times greater and Hispanic women a loss that was four times greater than non-Hispanic ...Magnesium loss in patients given monoclonal antibodies
...ctor receptor (EGFR) have some degree of magnesium loss (hypomagnesaemia), according to a study published ...s retrospective studies had shown severe magnesium loss (grades 3 and 4 hypomagnesaemia) in only a small proportion of patients given anti-EGFR drugs and wh...Depression among retired NFL players: Rates mirror the general public, but pain compounds symptoms
...ry were nearly eight times more likely to report a loss of fitness and lack of exercise, and seven times m...ite common or very common. Other problems included loss of fitness and lack of exercise (29 percent), weight gain (28 percent), trouble sleeping (28 percent...Outdated policies are impediment for Americans with disabilities
...mation materials for people with vision or hearing loss are frequently limited, as well. The committee said it was encouraging to find that in older adults, the chances of having certain kinds of activity-limiting disabilities have declined during the last two decades. However, data for younger and m...Simple system accurately predicts weight-loss surgery risk
...on to use only when all other approaches to weight loss have failed. However, our system shows that this strategy may need to be reconsidered. "If patients put off surgery while they attempt other weight-loss therapies that ultimately don't work, over time they risk moving into a higher-risk category as...Hay fever can send work productivity down the drain
...US , Ohio -- Employers can blame hay fever for the loss of millions of hours of work productivity this spr... Ohio State University. That means the potential loss of millions of hours of work productivity, not to mention the associated economic costs, she said. S...Livestock interventions can protect lives, livelihoods
...ran Africa, making these communities vulnerable to loss of livestock when rains fail. The Feinstein Intern... also, importantly, be effective in preventing the loss of livestock and allowing pastoralists to protect their main resources and way of life." To test ...Obesity increases workers' compensation costs
...n pay for employee medical costs, compensation for loss of current or future wages, or compensation for pain and suffering. "We all know obesity is bad for the individual, but it isnt solely a personal medical problem -- it spills over into the workplace and has concrete economic costs," said Truls Ostb...Head and neck cancer vaccine targets proteins to create immune response
...e relevant to other types of cancer given that the loss of p53 function is a common feature across many cancers. The vaccine is based on three peptides derived from p53 that target killer T cells and helper T cells. Although killer T cells directly destroy tumor cells, they are assisted by helper T ce...Researchers discover gene crucial for nerve cell insulation
...aren said. Diabetic neuropathy, which results in a loss of feeling in the extremities, also is thought to involve myelin production. Dr. Svaren added that it is possible that the current study's findings about myelin production in the peripheral nervous system could lead to greater understanding of how...Brain structure changes years before memory loss begins
...structure changes years before any signs of memory loss begin, according to a study published in the April...ease. The brain scans of the 23 people with memory loss were then compared to the 113 people who remained cognitively normal. Compared to the group that ...MS drug helps reduce vision loss
...clerosis (MS) has been found to also reduce vision loss in patients with relapsing MS. Vision loss is one of the most common and debilitating symptoms of MS. The findings are published in the April ...Penn researchers find treatment for MS also reduces vision loss in MS patients
... with multiple sclerosis (MS) also reduces vision loss in patients with relapsing MS. Vision loss is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of MS. "Not only does natalizumab prevent the wor...Global burden of childhood deafness overlooked
...learning for children with a small (16-25 decibel) loss to complete social isolation for those with a hearing loss of 90db or more. Of 120 million babies born per year in the developing world, an estimated 718,000...Drugs for Parkinson's disease may ease stroke-related disability
...s attribute this deficit in Parkinson's disease to loss of neurons that use the neurotransmitter dopamine to regulate activity in the putamen. "Earlier attempts to treat stroke patients with neglect with dopamine-like compounds have produced mixed results," says lead author Ayelet Sapir, Ph.D., postdoc...