Brain cell and face perception research wins Eppendorf/Science Prize
...wn lab where he identified the first intercellular mechanism capable of synchronizing cortical neurons at gamma frequency. His group discovered that the so-called neurogliaform interneuron is capable of eliciting slow, GABAB receptormediated inhibition in the cerebral cortex....Nicotine receptors on kidneys may speed kidney damage
...ere mediated by nicotine. "This may be a possible mechanism for how smoking increases the risk of kidney disease," Jaimes said....Details of solar particles penetrating the Earth's environment revealed
...connected to the solar wind. The basic physical mechanism responsible for the occurrence of flux transfer events is called magnetic reconnection. In the 1950s, space physicists believed that magnetic reconnection let solar particles break through at a steady rate. That view changed in the late 1970s, when s...How low should we go? Researchers find no clear evidence for ultra-low cholesterol targets
...n it comes to analyzing subgroups or a treatment's mechanism of action, we often get the science all wrong. We need to do better, and in this paper we have tried to lay out a better statistical approach to analyzing treatment goals and clinical trials in the future, including those examining LDL cholesterol." ...Drug used for advanced cancer could cause exposed bone in jaw
...tself is poorly defined and no universal reporting mechanism exists. To address these challenges, clinical trials are being designed to help better define the condition. These upcoming clinical trials investigating bisphosphonate therapy for advanced cancer will include monitoring for ONJ, and researchers ho...Serotonin receptor: A rheostat in brain for emotion that may be linked to depression
...ely used to treat depression, the basic biological mechanism by which they help to alleviate symptoms is poorly...dala's reactivity to threatening stimuli, and this mechanism appears to be reflecting the effects of the 5-HT1A on the negative feedback loop that controls the r...New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described
...different fields of research to work out the basic mechanism by which estrogen can exert a pro-life effect on cancer cells," said the study's lead author, Edward T. H. Yeh, M.D., professor and chair of The University of Texas M. D. Anderson's Department of Cardiology. Along the way, the researchers have prov...Laser probe of a brain pigment's anatomy may offer insight into Parkinson's disease
...ells synthesize neuromelanin to serve as a defense mechanism against high oxidation stress, the team's report said. Neuromelanin's layered granular structure could help protect brain cells from damage in several ways, Ito wrote in his commentary. Having eumelanin at their surfaces would protect the granule...Jefferson scientists find boosting protein levels staves off heart failure
...d clinically for heart failure, may be part of the mechanism of action in heart failure, which is why they appear to give beneficial results. They prevent further S100A1 decreases through this mechanism."...Hopkins study reveals white blood cells can both hurt and help transplanted kidneys
... further research is needed to establish the exact mechanism for this protection, but he says it makes perfect sense in theory. T cells are part of our immune system, and our immune system is designed to protect us from injury. Whats surprising here is that practical experience over the years has taught us ...Researchers establish scientific link between acne treatment and depression
...is and suicidal behaviour. However, the chemical mechanism by which this might happen has never been established. In new independent research, scientists at the universities of Bath and Texas at Austin gave Roaccutane to mice over a period of six weeks, and then monitored the rodents' behaviour. They found...Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide
...ing that studies are now underway to determine the mechanism by which CO exposure leads to the increase in NO generation. "Our hope is that CO will find a place in the clinic as a therapeutic option for the treatment of disease," concludes Otterbein. "CO has been around since before life began on earth and, i...Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis
...is to determine precisely what controls the toggle mechanism in cancer cells, Garcia-Blanco said. Identifying the various steps that occur during the natural progression of tumors could lead to therapies for blocking metastasis, he said....New drug target might sidestep gleevec resistance, Jefferson scientists show
...ta says, because C/EBP-alpha isn't involved in the mechanism of action of Gleevec. "Essentially, this is a downstream effect," he explains. "The BCR-ABL protein repressed C/EBP-alpha. In bypassing BCR-ABL, which is the first target, regardless of whether BCR-ABL is normal or mutated (and Gleevec-resistant), tu...Mutation plays key role in hypertension
...d why myosin activation is elevated and linked the mechanism to a gene mutation. The researchers found there ...n, according to de Lanerolle, is whether a similar mechanism operates in humans to cause essential hypertension. "If we find a similar mutation in the equivalen...Pre-clinical study suggests how steroid can reverse post-traumatic stress
... of variables and were not designed to address the mechanism of the drug's action, Dr. Greene said. This study focused on a mechanism called extinction, in which a memory gradually diminishes, but can be re-established by a small remi...Penn study suggests a new type of pain reliever that may benefit the heart
... "It seems that it is the complete reverse of the mechanism that creates problems for COX-2 inhibitors," says ...tacylcin to vascular smooth muscle cells. The same mechanism explains the group's earlier findings on blood pressure and thrombosis. "It remains to be determine...ESA experiments with spaceflight participant Ansari to ISS
...esting. It is hypothesised that this protective mechanism does not work in space. In space astronauts' bones lose calcium and strength, their muscles lose mass: therefore, it is thought that the deep muscle corset atrophies during spaceflight, leading to strain in certain ligaments, in particular in the low...MIT device could prevent epileptic seizures
...ing and keeping the larynx open for breathing. The mechanism by which VNS prevents seizures is not known, but the technique has been FDA approved to treat epilepsy for about 10 years. About 32,000 epilepsy patients already have VNS implants, according to Guttag. Some of them are able to use a handheld magnet......f the molecular tether was necessary, defining the mechanism in a way an artist would delineate the knots at each end of the rope that links a tetherball to a pole. "It turns out that the virus needs surprisingly little p75 to integrate," says Dr. Poeschla. "Future studies will want to factor such potential p...