American Thoracic Society Journal news tips for April 2005 (first issue)
...earchers working with experimental tuberculosis in mice showed that as bacterial metabolism slowed down from the action of other drugs, pyrazinamide worked with more bactericidal effect. Out of the multiplicity of random clinical trials that were carried out over the years, two drug regimens emerged as t...Study: obesity impairs immune response of mice, boosts chances of dying from influenza infection
... similar effect, scientists say. Compared to other mice of normal weight, which were otherwise identical, obese mice were 10 times as likely to die when infected with the flu virus. Four percent of lean mice died duri...Angiogenesis factor may help tumors prepare the way for spread to lymph nodes
...ues showed that human breast tumors implanted into mice induce the growth of lymphatic vessels and that ly...dy's first author developed a strain of transgenic mice in which skin cells express a green fluorescent protein and also produce elevated levels of VEGF-A. ...Sex hormones hold key to higher rates of abdominal aortic aneurysms in males
...ng testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, from male mice lowers their risk of aneurysm to that of females, ...established research method, giving hyperlipidemic mice the peptide hormone angiotensin II results in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Not sur...'Promiscuous' area of brain could explain role of antidepressants
...in today's issue of the journal Neuron, a study in mice proposes that dopamine and serotonin neurotransmitter systems in the brain occasionally get their signals crossed, causing delays in stabilizing mood. "This study provides a new site for drug discovery in one of the biggest market for drugs those th...Liver may be source of 'good' cholesterol
WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. Research in mice suggests that the liver may produce most of the bo...ll report on a project that used gene-targeting in mice to simulate a rare disease in people Tangier disease. People with this genetic disease produce virt...OHSU scientist helping explain basis of psychotic behavior
...upersensitivity in animal models, researchers used mice bred to lack the D2 gene as well as rats treated with PCP, alcohol, amphetamine and other dopamine-inducing drugs. They found that while there were small increases in the total population of D2 receptors among the animal models, the increases were sm...Fifteen-year hunt uncovers gene behind 'pseudothalidomide' syndrome
...o genetically engineer yeast, fruit flies and even mice have dramatically improved in the last 15 years. And we were also able to look at when and where the gene is expressed during human development. Without these techniques, and without the powerful computer programs, we wouldn't have been able to ident...Obesity and insomnia linked by excitability of brain cells
...or in Ob/Gyn, studied hypocretin/orexin neurons in mice using electrophysiology and electron microscopy. They found a unique, previously un-described organization of inputs on hypocretin neurons in which excitatory nerve junctions outnumber inhibitory contacts by almost 10 fold. Stressors such as fasting ...Breakthrough findings by Ume researchers link obesity to diabetes
...receptor for free fatty acids, called GPR40, is in mice present solely in the insulin-producing beta cells... diabetes. The findings of the Ume team show that mice that lack GPR40 receptors are healthy and experience normal weight gain on a calorie-rich diet. The...Exercise variety - not intensity - appears to reduce some Alzheimer's disease risk
...sical activity and plaque buildup in the brains of mice with Alzheimer's (published this year in the journal Cell) provide a good picture from basic and clinical science of how activity and exercise work to reduce the risk of dementia," says Lyketsos. According to the Alzheimer's Association, dementia is...Short sugar chains-a future drug for Alzheimer's?
...ents the researchers have used genetically altered mice that produce much higher than normal amounts of th...oth the genetically altered and the normal control mice were stimulated with a treatment that usually leads to rapid build-up of amyloid (AA amyloidosis) in...Feeling safe and secure? CUMC scientists find it's all in the caudoputamen
...euron paper do exactly that. Michael Rogan trained mice to recognize that they were safe from danger (mild...cular sound. He then recorded what happened in the mice brains before and after they heard the safety sound. As expected, in accordance with previous theori...Study finds possible mechanism for link between sleep disturbances and metabolic syndrome
...t work, Turek and his colleagues found that mutant mice weremore active during times when rodents usually ...rain. The researchers also found that Clock mutant mice hadreduced levels of the hormone ghrelin within the hypothalamus, indictingthat ghrelin may particip...Nanoparticles offer new hope for detection and treatment
...and easily located as soon as 30 minutes after the mice were injected with the nanoparticles. Because nanoparticles can be engineered to carry a variety of substances, they also may be able to deliver cancer-fighting drugs to malignant tumors as effectively as they carry the imaging materials that spotlig...Monoclonal antibody cures West Nile virus-infected mice
... -- A newly developed monoclonal antibody can cure mice infected with the West Nile virus, scientists at W...reatment for an infectious disease. In a strain of mice that normally only has about a 10 percent survival rate after West Nile infection, scientists found ...Promising new West Nile therapy cures disease in mice
...le virus. The researchers tested their antibody in mice and say its success warrants further development a...paralysis or coma. "We could give this antibody to mice as long as five days after infection, when West Nile virus had entered the brain, and it could still...Insulin-producing cells from brain cursors
...ells were then transplanted into immunocompromised mice the cells could also be stimulated by glucose to produce human insulin. Future work will need to establish the long-term stability and safety of these cells and to work out how to scale up such a process to produce the much larger numbers of cells th...Fatal brain disease holds clues to dementia
...se, one of the disease's symptoms, by showing that mice susceptible to Huntington's disease have problems ...rained normal and Huntington's disease-susceptible mice to perform a complex touch-dependent learning task. The healthy mice could improve on their performa...American Academy of Neurology sums up scientific highlights from 57th annual meeting
...usceptibility to prion infection can be reduced in mice by treatment with a monoclonal antibody to the prion. Further development of this strategy may also offer hope for treatment of these diseases. [P04.149] Cancer Temozolomide chemotherapy plus radiation is superior to radiation alone in treatment of...