Study suggests loss of 2 types of neurons -- not just 1 -- triggers Parkinson's symptoms
...tween the loss of both norepinephrine and dopamine neurons and the delayed onset of symptoms associated with ... originally thought that the loss of only dopamine neurons triggered symptoms. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter critical for coordinating movement. Results of ...Miniature implanted devices could treat epilepsy, glaucoma
...living electrode" coated with specially engineered neurons that, when stimulated, releases the neurotransmitter to inhibit the seizure. The engineered neurons are living tissue stimulated with a microchip. Rickus and Irazoqui have shown that a certain amoun...Chemical in brain acts like a fuel gauge
...brain is really a hot current topic. Knowing how neurons relay hypoglycemia warnings is critical to underst...ular nucleus activity. The same paraventricular neurons lit up in both sets of animals, and the animals displayed similar increases in hormone levels, sugge...MU researchers find mechanisms that may unlock answers to Alzheimer's disease
...eate abnormal inflammatory responses that can harm neurons and other brain cells. The next phase of the study includes three projects. Sun will study mechanisms whereby A-beta affects phospholipases, a group of enzymes that, when activated, will destroy membranes in brain cells. Current evidence suggests t...AMPAKINE compounds a new potential treatment for respiratory depression
...ose generated by the whole brainstem in vitro, and neurons with voltage-dependent pacemaker-like properties t...on the brain's AMPA receptor. Approximately 85% of neurons that handle brain electrical activity do so through this receptor, which controls traffic of the neu...Human stem cell treatment restores motor function in paralyzed rats
...can result in the death of specialized spinal cord neurons called spinal inhibitory neurons, leading to irrev... but there has been a selective loss of inhibitory neurons in the spinal cord. Since these cells are necessary for coordinated motor activity, our research ai...How brain pacemakers erase diseased messages
...n to showing how the therapy works, their model of neurons in action also revealed that stimulation delivered at too slow a pace fails to keep bad information at bay. Indeed, slower pulses can actually add to problematic bursts, they showed. The model's findings closely parallel the clinical responses of p...Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh
...ene that synthesizes the receptor, both in sensory neurons in cell culture and in mice. The cells in culture were unresponsive to cooling agents, including menthol. The genetically engineered mice did not discriminate between warm and cold surfaces until the temperature dropped to extremes. "It's been know...Scripps Research awarded $17 million for adult stem cell use to treat eye diseases
...increased intraocular pressure can lead to loss of neurons and eventually to blindness, may also be amenable to treatment with these stem cells. Up Next While initial results have been promising, much work remains to be done before the adult stem cell therapy is ready to test in humans-and thats where ...Limiting stroke damage is focus of study
...nts. "This would be a death wave coming through; neurons are dying here," says Medical College of Georgia N...ut 60 percent. "It's enough oxygen and energy for neurons to survive for some time, but not enough to function properly," says Dr. Kirov, who received a $1.4 ...Syphilis screening, lithium fights neurodegeneration, monoclonal antibodies against avian flu
...teractions that are toxic to a group of cerebellar neurons called Purkinje cells (which normally coordinate movement) and hippoca mpal neurons (which are important for memory). Patients gradually lose movement control, have impaired cognitive ...Withdrawn MS drug returns to market
...eukocytes (inflammatory cells) attacking the bodys neurons and causing serious damage. A highly effective immunosuppressive treatment, natalizumab is an antibody that prevents leukocytes from crossing blood vessel walls into tissues such as the brain and spinal cord. The drug may also benefit secondary lymph...Adult brain cells rediscover their inner child
...adults. While the exact contribution adult-born neurons make to overall learning and memory remains mysterious, Song notes that these results are promising for any future nerve stem cell therapy. "If we can implant or stimulate these adult stem cells in damaged areas, it's possible we can do more than fil...MIT reports key pathway in synaptic plasticity
...ridge, Mass. -- Scientists are keenly studying how neurons form synapses--the physical and chemical connectio...non in development. In short, stimulating visual neurons initiates a positive feedback loop, starting with one class of glutamate receptors known as NMDA rec...Nanomedicine opens the way for nerve cell regeneration
...nerve cells can regrow. It is known that injured neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) do not regenerate, but it is not clear why. Adult CNS neurons may lack an intrinsic capacity for rapid regeneration, and CNS glia create an inhibitory environment...Commonly used drug offers promise for premature babies
...very, very important part of the brain, from which neurons and glia cells migrate out to form all the layers of the brain," said Ballabh, an associate professor in the Department of Pediatrics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy at New York Medical College, and a neonatologist at Westchester Medical Center. The ger...Exercise may lead to improvement in patients with Parkinson's
...e rate of its removal from the synapse compared to neurons in subjects that do not undergo exercise. The fi...ently by allowing the remaining dopamine producing neurons to work harder and in doing so may promote stronger connections in the brain." Further studies wil...Coenzyme Q10 does not improve Parkinson's disease symptoms
...red energy metabolism of the diseased dopaminergic neurons leads to symptomatic benefits in Parkinson's disease," the authors conclude. "Future studies will need to explore the protective effects of CoQ10 at the highest effective dose (equivalent to about 2,400 milligrams per day of a standard formulation) o...Green tea extract protects against brain damage in new mouse model of HIV-related dementia
...ing the new mouse model of the disease. Cultured neurons from mice were exposed to EGCG before being given a cocktail of the two neurotoxic HIV proteins and the toxic cytokine. The green tea compound inhibited the ability of the cytokine to act with the HIV proteins to cause death and damage of the neurons......llumination. His laboratory investigates the motor neurons of the brainstem which are involved in tongue and eye movements. (When a doctor asks a patient to follow his or her finger, the patients brainstem functioning is being tested.) This research has applications to strabismus. When rats have strabismus...