Refined stem cell therapy helps paralyzed rats recover
...entiate into motor neurons. They then injected the neurons near the spinal cords of rats that had been paraly...they divided the rats into 8 groups. Some received neurons that had been treated to potentially increase their survival and their ability to extend axons. Some...Hopkins scientists use embryonic stem cells, new cues to awaken latent motor nerve repair
... completed, fully-working motor neuron circuits -- neurons stretching from spinal cord to target muscles -- i...artial, recovery from paralysis after losing motor neurons to an aggressive infection with Sindbis virus -- one that, in rodents, specifically targets motor ne...Queen's-led network looks at FAS aiming to minimize life-long learning problems
...c acid on the biological functions and survival of neurons in isolated brain tissue. In parallel studies, the Kingston team will assess the efficacy of folic acid supplementation as a potential therapeutic intervention in preventing FASD. For these researchers, an exciting opportunity has been created by li...Erotic images elicit strong response from brain
...in and have shown that the frontal cortex contains neurons that can discriminate between different categories...r not the human prefrontal cortex contains special neurons that are "tuned" for sex remains a subject for future studies. "The newer and more advanced technolo...Mechanism for neurodenegerative diseases linked to transport proteins
...in the cell. This transport system is critical in neurons because these cells can be as much as three feet l...wn in fast axonal transport would selectively kill neurons because neurons are especially dependent on the transport system," Brady said. Kennedy disease is al...How sweet it isn't: Repeat episodes of low blood sugar spell diabetic disaster
...CRFR2), impairs the sensitivity of glucose-sensing neurons in the brain. In contrast, administration of CRF, which activates CRFR1, amplifies the response to hypoglycemia. The data suggest that the regulation of the counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia is largely determined by the interaction between C...Free radical cell death switch identified
...for the damage that oxidative stress is causing to neurons and other types of cells over time. Humans and oth...e of investigating the mechanisms of cell death in neurons from rat brain, the team focused their attention on the function of a protein called MST, which had ...New mechanism explains glucose effect on wakefulness
...is colleagues have pinpointed how glucose inhibits neurons that are key to regulating wakefulness. In the pro...ose inhibits a particular class of glucose-sensing neurons that produce tiny proteins called orexins, which are central regulators of states of consciousness. ...Different forms of amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease harm neurons in different ways
...eimer's patients. In less than 12 hours, the human neurons exposed to one of the two soluble forms started to die. Most of the cells were dead after 24 hours. The cells exposed to the other soluble form took about five times longer to die. In contrast, the brain cells treated with the fibrillar form slowly d...ST. John's Wort relieves bladder pain in animal models
...onin- and norepinephrine-emitting neurons, similar neurons to those that play a role in depression and anxiety. Researchers also have found that agonists and antagonists of serotonin and norepinephrine can be used to control urinary tract activity. "St. John's Wort is an herbal supplement that has been use...Flick of whiskers helps tease out brain's 'shadow' signaling system
...an up after them. While scientists have known that neurons fire electrically in spectacular fashion to send s...at astrocytes send signals to the neurons, and the neurons respond. Since then she has made a series of findings that neurons and astrocytes talk back and fort...Packard scientists announce first international gene search for typical ALS
..." illness, which, like all ALS, destroys the motor neurons that enable movement, including breathing. Hardy and Traynor are researchers in the National Institute on Aging's Laboratory of Neurogenetics in Bethesda, Maryland. Traynor also is a faculty member with the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. "In the ...Mayo Clinic finds physical proof of mild cognitive impairment
...y elaborate circuitry of the brain in which normal neurons stop functioning and memory is affected, says Dr. Parisi. "Everything's wired in the brain," says Dr. Dickson. "When a neuron dies, it's as if that circuit is shorted out, which presents itself as cognitive impairment and eventually dementia." The ...UCSD researchers link novel mutated gene to meal retardation and imbalance
...ne was produced predominantly in the population of neurons in the brain called cerebellar granule neurons. They also discovered specific protein targets suggesting that the gene may control cell division in the cerebellum during the human development, which would account for the cerebellar defect seen in th...2006 Alzheimer Award to P. Hemachandra Reddy, PhD
...hether presynaptic or postsynaptic compartments of neurons in AD patients are preferentially affected by disease. Using immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and densitometry techniques, Reddy and his colleagues investigated 7 synaptic proteins in a large number of postmortem brains from AD patients and age-...Novel stem cell technology leads to better spinal cord repair
...by suppressing scar tissue, rescuing motor pathway neurons in the brain and aligning damaged tissue at the injured site. More investigation is needed, however, before the new technology could be used in humans, researchers said....MIT research offers new hope for Alzheimer's patients
...ids, uridine and choline - are all needed by brain neurons to make phospholipids, the primary component of ce...onin and glutamate carry messages from presynaptic neurons to receptors in the membranes of postsynaptic neurons. In Alzheimer's patients, synapses in the cort...Dr. McCluskey receives top honor for young taste researchers
...rs are learning more about how that system affects neurons and vice versa and how, as with any relationship, there are good and bad interactions. Macrophages, one of the first immune cells to move in after an injury, seem to be a major player. The cells, known for their scavenging ability, also secrete nerve...American Academy of Neurology 58th Annual Meeting scientific highlights
... derived from seaweed improves regrowth of damaged neurons and new stem cells in the spinal cord, according t...cord injury, it improved regrowth of both existing neurons and implanted cells. Growth across a spinal cord injury is a significant barrier to recovery of nerv......ces have identified a novel agent that can protect neurons involved in Parkinson's disease from being destroy...y used as a pesticide, destroys dopamine-producing neurons and causes symptoms of Parkinson's disease in this animal model. In the April 19 issue of The Jour...