Subtypes of ependymomas arise from rare stem cells in the nervous system
... acquire mutations that disrupt the cell signaling pathways controlling growth and differentiation, these cells reproduce continually and give rise to an ependymoma. The St. Jude finding that RGCs can give rise to these tumors is consistent with evidence from a variety of researchers that cancers arise fro...Notch signaling molecule important in type 2 immunity
...nding on the biochemical context, it turns certain pathways on and others off. "The potential importance of ou...e effect of these drugs is that they inhibit other pathways besides Notch. In addition, inhibiting Notch may cause side effects because this protein is used in ...Flavonoids may inhibit prostate cancer
... is to evaluate apigenin action on other molecular pathways which have relevance to prostate cancer." Gupta's colleagues contributing to the study included Sanjeev Shukla, Ph.D.; Gregory T. MacLennan, M.D.; Pingfu Fu, Ph.D.; Martin I. Resnick, M.D.; from Case Western Reserve University and University Hospital...Barbara B. Kahn, M.D., elected to Institute of Medicine
... for type 2 diabetes. Her lab has identified novel pathways by which specialized cells in the brain respond to nutrients and hormones and send out signals that regulate food intake and body weight. Most recently, the Kahn lab identified a novel protein secreted from fat cells that may be a new target for trea......t oxygen also plays a critical role in biochemical pathways that help radiation kill cancer cells by immobilizing their DNA repair process. If true, these oxygen-depleted tumors would be less likely to respond to radiation. Theodore DeWeese, M.D., professor and chair of the Department of Radiation Oncology ...Out of sight, out of mind? Not necessarily
... William James - our results suggest that multiple pathways relay visual input into the central nervous system for different types of processing," Ro said. "And our study also begins to shed light on the brain structures that are necessary for consciousness, with the primary visual cortex playing an essentia...Protein suppresses prostate cancer, enhances effects of vitamin E
...the cancer cells. "Vitamin E and TAP have distinct pathways to modulate prostate cancer cell growth and we hypothesize that vitamin E and TAP can work together to elicit better tumor suppression effects," the researchers wrote in the Cancer Research article. But Yeh also discovered that TAP by itself suppress...New strides being made in chemoprevention
... a master regulator of the majority of antioxidant pathways and detoxifying enzymes for environmental pollutan...ghts the chemopreventive promise of targeting Nrf2 pathways with triterpenoids, and provides a new direction for drug development," said Dr. Yates. "The trit...Key mechanism found that promotes spread of malignant melanoma
...nderstand the involvement of some of the signaling pathways that regulate cell invasion, migration and vasculogenic mimicry, the complexity of the coordinated molecular interactions underlying these processes remains to be elucidated," Hendrix said. Malignant melanoma is curable when detected early. However,...New findings help explain how brain pathways control body weight
...ng of the critical role that the brain's molecular pathways play in the development of obesity and related dis..., demonstrate for the first time that the neuronal pathways that help to keep body weight stable diverge at the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) to regulate eithe...Duke engineers developing ultrasound devices combining 3-D imaging with therapeutic heating
...evice small enough to be inserted through vascular pathways into real hearts for visualization and ablation trials. "We've had the design intuition that allows us to do and describe some preliminary experiments," he said. "But we have not yet made a practical device that could even be used in a live animal."...New Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Centers announced
...and Diana M. Escolar, M.D., will study biochemical pathways that contribute to DMD. A clinical project aims to identify genetic modifiers of the disease, and two laboratory studies focus on muscle cell damage and muscle growth and remodeling in mice. The center also has a bioinformatics and computing core, ...Contradictory immune responses explain different therapeutic effects in rheumatoid arthritis
...ognize that nature has developed anti-inflammatory pathways that we may be able to utilize." Dr. Weyand and Goronzy say the goal of their research is to learn more about physiological ways of downregulating inflammation and strengthening them instead of destroying the entire im-mune response. They also wan...Study highlights the ramifications of medical misdiagnosis
...finding a cure for FOP are to define the metabolic pathways that influence the disease and identify the gene that causes it, according to the researchers. In addition to Kitterman and Kaplan, the study team included Sharon Kantanie, MAT, of the International FOP Association, and David Rocke, PhD, of the Univ...Synaptic connections need nurturing to retain their structure and keep outsiders at bay
...atric disorders. Therefore, these proteins and the pathways through which they function might represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention in neurological and psychiatric diseases." Other authors of the paper include Hirokazu Hirai (currently at Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kanazawa), Zhen...Study shows success and less risk in treating kids with heart rhythm problems
...ad heart rhythm irregularities caused by accessory pathways -- an additional electrical connection between the top and bottom chambers of the heart. One-third had atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), a form of the most common rapid-heartbeat rhythm problem in adults. All patients were treated b...Young cancer researchers honored
...ing to study not only TGF- but other key signaling pathways as well. "These different pathways work together to create a code or language that tells cells how to behave," said Dr. Wrana. "What is...Feinstein Institute neuroscientist wins top honor in Parkinson's research
...Feinstein Institute on mapping out intricate nerve pathways in the brain involved in Parkinson's disease, including pioneering new methods for viewing the brain at work, early diagnosis of disease, and predicting and evaluating response to various treatments. "When we began working on network analysis and bra...Squinting while staring at a computer monitor can cause painful dry eye
...anisms behind eye strain and dry eye. "The neural pathways leading to eyelid blink aren't completely understood," he said. "And the mechanisms controlling blink seem numerous and complex."...Hormone aldosterone is promising target for stroke treatment
...art of the excitement will come in identifying the pathways of aldosterone's many actions. Dr. Dorrance thinks a relationship between aldosterone and epidermal growth factor, for example, causes the dangerous thickening of blood vessel walls in the brain. "It's not just a blood pressure-dependent effect. This...