American Thoracic Society Journal news tips for April 2005 (first issue)
...a combination of drugs, including streptomycin, to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. By 1955, clinical trials in Great Britain showed that almost all tuberculosis strains had primary resistance to only one drug. Treatment with a 2- to 3-month three-drug phase, followed by ...Statin simvastatin linked to protection against endothelial dysfunction in diabetic rats
...g cholesterol levels, simvastatin also appeared to prevent or reverse vascular injury by vasoprotective means. In a well-established rat model of diabetes, simvastatin protected against the development of diabetes-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in vessels of the heart, kidney, and eye. Dr. Guochuan Ma,...Study shows new antipsychotic drug prevents brain loss in schizophrenia
...at the newer atypical drugs, if started early, can prevent the illness from progressing. If our findings are ...inevitable, but now we're thinking that if you can prevent the acute episodes of psychosis in schizophrenia you can actually stop the loss of gray matter," Dr....Early home environment and television watching influence bullying behavior
...hat can be taken with children to potentially help prevent bullying. Maximizing cognitive stimulation and limiting television watching in the early years of development might reduce children's subsequent risk of becoming bullies."...Angiogenesis factor may help tumors prepare the way for spread to lymph nodes
...ld be a promising target for therapies designed to prevent the further spread of metastatic cancer, which has been a major challenge in cancer treatment. He is an associate professor of Dermatology at Harvard Medical School and is also a professor of Pharmacogenomics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Techno...West Africa: meningitis epidemics driven by the wind
... early-warning systems in this region, in order to prevent epidemics and try and limit their effect. The Sahelo-Sudanian band of Africa is an endemic area for meningococcal meningitis (MCM). The disease, an infection of the meninges by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, is highly contagious and affects 25...Onion compound may help fight osteoporosis
...rrent study suggests that eating onions might help prevent bone loss and osteoporosis, a disease which predominately affects older women. The disease results in an estimated $17 billion in medical costs in the United States. Their study, scheduled to appear in the May 4 print issue of the American Chemical S...Less cognitive impairment seen in women taking drug for osteoporosis
...nd other selective estrogen receptor modulators to prevent cognitive impairment, particularly in women at hig...rmine the appropriate dose of raloxifene needed to prevent bone fractures and maintain mineral bone density. A secondary objective was to evaluate the drug's e...US service academies to collaborate with UNC, Andrews Air Force Base, Duke in knee injury study
... two ligaments that cross within the knee joint to prevent the leg bone (tibia) and thighbone (femur) from slipping forward or backward out of the joint. Most ACL injuries are sports-related, and most occur when there is no direct physical contact between athletes. Studies have shown that the injury rate to...Hormonal birth control, bacterial infections in women linked to increased shedding of type-2 herpes
...osing and treating vaginal bacterial infections to prevent the spread of the herpes virus. HSV-2 can remain latent in the body for some time, but when it becomes active and begins to multiply (a process known as "shedding"), it becomes transmissible to others, particularly through sexual activity. HSV-2 is a...2005 Potamkin Prize goes to neurologists for research in early detection of Alzheimer's disease
... will be able to intervene at an earlier stage and prevent the damage from being done." Growdon said, "Dr. Petersen's Potamkin recognition stems from his seminal contributions in establishing the concept of mild cognitive impairment as a bona fide diagnostic category on the continuum between normal aging and...Asthmatics naturally deficient in antiviral immunity, report scientists
...erferons to asthma sufferers it may be possible to prevent or treat the asthma attacks, stopping sufferers from becoming hospitalised through illness." Professor Stephen Holgate, from the University of Southampton and one of the report authors adds: "We are all very excited about this discovery because it id...Insomnia, falls in elderly linked
...ikelihood of quick corrective maneuvers that might prevent a fall from happening....Study finds that women with PCOS are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease
...tically be screened for the metabolic syndrome, to prevent the risk of early-onset cardiovascular disease." After reviewing medical charts for 161 women, study investigators identified 106 women (46 women with PCOS and the metabolic syndrome; 60 women with PCOS alone) for participation and analysis. The stu...Bacterial infection associated with heart attack in young men
...with C. pneumoniae infections should not expect to prevent future heart attacks by getting antibiotic treatme...nism. Eventually, researchers may discover how to prevent C. pneumoniae infection altogether....Dr. Gutin selected as Fulbright Senior Specialist
... low fitness as well as intervention strategies to prevent them. The Fulbright Program, administered by the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, matches countries looking for expertise in certain areas with U.S. faculty and professionals who can provide it. Dr. Gutin has bee...Hemodialysis causes antioxidant loss leading to long-term complications
...or outcome and low survival. "It is important to prevent reactive oxygen species production by improving th...of OS imbalance appears to be a basic requisite to prevent complications in long-term dialysis patients" and is "a promising avenue of research."...Scientists to study actions of botanical oils
...atory actions of these oils and their potential to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis and asthma. It is estimated that within the next two decades, more than one in three people in the United States will suffer from an inflammatory disease. Floyd "Ski" Chilton, Ph.D., professor ...Exposed: Tobacco companies efforts to influence industry privatisation
...r in order to maximise potential revenue gains. To prevent the predicted increase in consumption likely to arise through the growth of advertising and decline in prices effective tobacco control policies, particularly comprehensive advertising bans and adequate taxation rates, should be implemented before pr......has reaffirmed nevirapine's safety and efficacy to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. "IOM has confirmed that nevirapine is a valuable tool to prevent mother-to-child transmission in the many places hardest hit by the AIDS pandemic where no other alte...