Other highlights in the July 20 JNCI
... and Harvard Medical School in Boston, conducted a prospective casecontrol study nested within the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. They measured levels of a major melatonin metabolite in the urine of 147 women with invasive breast cancer and 291 matched control women. Women in the highest quartile of melatonin m...Fear of lawsuits affects emergency physicians' heart care decisions
...veys of 33 emergency doctors who participated in a prospective study of 1,134 patients at two teaching hospitals. The results appear in the July 13 online issue of the Annals of Emergency Medicine. Nearly seven million Americans seek emergency care for heart-related symptoms each year, and nearly half of these i...Study examines accuracy of PSA values for detecting prostate cancer
...he Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial, a randomized, prospective study conducted from 1993 to 2003 at 221 U.S. centers. Participants were 18,882 healthy men aged 55 years or older without prostate cancer and with PSA levels less than or equal to 3.0 ng/mL and normal digital rectal examination results, followed up ...Snoring now, hyperactive later?
...t had such sleep problems. The results are from a prospective study of 229 children who are now between the ages... knowledge, this new study is the first long-term, prospective research to show that regular snoring and other clues to the possible presence of sleep apnea predic...Sunshine mapping from space means brighter solar energy future
...locations and estimates of likely energy yield for prospective investors. Then once a plant is built, managers need data updated in near real-time to check the facility is working optimally, and energy output tallies with available sunshine. "Today our audits form the basis of huge investments in the range of 5...How risky are twin pregnancies?
... 32 weeks' gestation, the authors suggest that the prospective risk for fetal death in these pregnancies might be...he remaining ones are not negligible. Until larger prospective observational studies have been conducted, balancing these risks remains challenging. ...Vascular disease most common cause of male erectile dysfunction
...ardiologist reports, for the first time in a large prospective study, that certain of his patients with erectile ... the cardiologist has provided new evidence-based, prospective data to support better clinical care for those men with ED and cardiac disease, who historically hav...Conservative surgery preserves fertility in women with borderline ovarian tumours
...let and his team hope to follow up the work with a prospective observational study one where patients are watched and followed up for subsequent development of disease. "These results were obtained from a retrospective study", he said, "and it would be interesting to look at outcomes in real time, particularly...Avoiding amputation: Early infection intervention can save feet & legs
... using retrospective data, the authors say a large prospective study comparing antibiotic use with surgical therapy will be needed to confirm their results before they have an impact on clinical care....Research results from the 'Era of Hope' Department of Defense breast cancer research program meeting
... after breast-conserving therapy. In a much larger prospective project, the researchers are in the process of measuring TC and AI from tumors of 569 breast cancer survivors enrolled in the New Mexico Women's Health Study. This will allow the researchers to draw conclusions about the role of ethnicity in treatme...Perceptions of weight important risk factor for suicidal behavior in adolescents
...peers and parents?" the editorialist asks. "In one prospective study, girls who read magazines targeted to them at least weekly were more likely to develop an eating disorder over the ensuing 18 months compared to girls who read such magazines less than weekly." "What are the most effective methods for correctin...Alcohol may lower risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
...uture research to confirm these findings by use of prospective data, and to determine the likely biological mechanism, is warranted."...Increased Vitamin B consumption reduces women's risk of colorectal cancer
...rs say findings need further confirmation in large prospective cohort or intervention studies. "These findings may have important implications for the prevention of colorectal cancer in women who consume alcohol because their vitamin B6 status can be easily improved through dietary modifications, vitamin supp...Treating autism 'right the first time'
...haviors (squeaking or other nonsensical sounds). A prospective study followed: Six new participants were selected...ted to respond to PRT and three who were not. Each prospective responder was matched to a non-responder on IQ, language age and symptom severity. Two boys and girl...Study examines NSAID use and breast cancer risk
...ancer," the authors write. "Additional large-scale prospective epidemiologic studies may help clarify the findings by further examining the long-term effects of aspirin and ibuprofen, especially with regard to ER/PR-negative and nonlocalized breast cancer. A more detailed understanding of the tissue-specific eff...Tobacco use persists after liver transplant for alcoholic liver disease
...antation Society (ILTS), the report found--after a prospective study of 172 such patients--a need for more stringent monitoring of tobacco use in liver transplant populations and call for more intervention. The journal is available online via Wiley InterScience at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/journal/liver...Steroid-free regimen with CellCept found comparable to standard therapy in liver transplantation
...ransplant patients participated in the open-label, prospective multicenter study. Patients were randomized to one of three treatment regimens: tacrolimus and prednisone (arm one); CellCept, tacrolimus and prednisone (arm two); or CellCept, tacrolimus, and three-dose Zenapax (daclizumab) without steroids (arm th...Narcotic drugs effective for severe, chronic pain in older patients
... research. They also recognize the importance of a prospective study rather than a retrospective one, and they are planning a follow-up study. In an animal study, the scientists sought to confirm the age-related difference in tolerance to opioid drugs. They note that no study had systematically evaluated how qui...Timing of introduction of gluten into infant's diet associated with appearance of celiac disease
...recommend that these results be confirmed in other prospective cohorts of children at risk for celiac disease bef...elop tTG." "Ultimately, much larger, international prospective studies are required to unravel the complex interplay between multiple infant diet factors and an im...Aspirin use may protect against colon cancer recurrence, reduce risk of death
... aspirin," says Fuchs. The findings emerged from a prospective study of 846 patients who were enrolled in a randomized trial of two chemotherapy regimens following surgery for colon cancer. They all had stage III disease that had spread to lymph nodes but not elsewhere in the body. The researchers interviewed th...