Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on
...leus called Aire (for autoimmune regulator), which regulates the expression of some 300 to 1,000 antigens in the thymus. Humans and mice lacking the normal Aire gene suffer from multiple autoimmune diseases including diseases that target the thyroid, adrenal, ovary, and eye. In 2002, Anderson, then at Harvar...Blocking an inter-generational cycle of obesity
...suggests that the neural network, the pathway that regulates appetite and food choices in the brain, is more flexible or 'plastic' as it develops before birth and for a short time after birth but once the neural connection is set up, the appetite regulation pattern becomes permanently set," Muhlhausler said. ...Doctors working overseas face having licenses removed
...nce on the doctors' return. "We need a body that regulates doctors like me," he says. He calls on England's Chief Medical Officer to set up a body that would regulate doctors who undertake a contract for more than a year's work with a recognised charity or medical organisation and who have a clear intentio...New research effort to translate basic science into faster bone healing
...nsforming growth factor (TGF-beta), a protein that regulates bone formation. Early research shows that without ...nzyme in older patients. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates the processes of bone formation and recycling. Teriparatide is an approved treatment of osteoporosis...Blood cells linked to heart attacks, other inflammatory diseases
...et then sends a second signal to the monocyte that regulates stability of the Cox-2 messenger RNA and further decoding of the genetic information in a process called translation. This results in production of the Cox-2 protein and controls how much, and at what time point, it is produced. Drugs called no...Researchers seek to design first treatment for neuroAIDS
...and cell death, shifting it toward death. MLK also regulates p38, an enzyme that encourages inflammation. Thus, MLK inhibitors could conceivably shut down affected immune cells before they trigger inflammation and prevent cell suicide. The new grant is a partnership between the University of Rochester Medical...New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described
...roteins, the researchers say. "NEDD8 modified BCA3 regulates the activity of NFkB, but BCA3 alone does not have any impact on NFkB," says Yeh. Then they looked at how this NEDDylation further works to suppress the ability of NFkB to transcribe (activate) other genes. Here the investigators found SITR1, the m...Hope for significant new diabetes treatment in Stanford discovery
...cations. "The finding that the calcineurin pathway regulates other pathways in the beta cell makes it highly relevant to many areas of diabetes research," he said. Campbell said the next step is to verify that the findings in mice also hold true in humans. "This is a step in the right direction and a major le...Outpatient thyroid surgery safe for most patients, study shows
...ually result, Dr. Terris says. While the thyroid regulates metabolism, the parathyroid glands, which sit just behind it at the base of the neck, regulate critical calcium. "We gently, carefully dissect the thyroid away from the parathyroid glands and try not to injure them but there is always a chance that o...UCSD researchers create roadmap to integrin activation
...take apart and re-build the signaling pathway that regulates activation of the body's most abundant platelet receptor, an integrin called glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa, provides a powerful and flexible tool for studying therapeutic targets along the pathway that impacts the activation process. This activation le...Spleen may be target of successful therapy for lupus
...to overproduce a special cytokine a hormone which regulates immunity called BAFF, a B-cell activating factor that is elevated in patients with lupus and other autoimmune diseases. The B cells are responsible for the production of antibodies in the body. Mice overproducing BAFF develop systemic lupus erythe...Molecular medicine comes to the rescue
...al genes that work together to form a channel that regulates the flow of potassium ions in and out of the insulin-producing beta cell. In the normal beta call, glucose metabolism results in increased levels of ATP, a molecule that cells use to store energy. The increase in ATP causes the potassium channel ...Mutation plays key role in hypertension
A gene mutation of a key enzyme that regulates smooth muscle contraction and blood pressure in rats has been identified by researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago. The finding, the first genetic link to muscle contraction and high blood pressure, may lead to improved treatments for h...UC Davis researchers find added benefit of statins in those at high risk for heart disease, diabetes
...results in resistance to insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar. Insulin resistance, in turn, is a precursor to diabetes. Jialal said the current finding suggests that physicians can now consider treating metabolic syndrome with statins, a class of drugs with a proven safety record. In fact, six of ...Combined therapies may boost immune response and long-term protection against brain tumors
...3), a recently discovered cytokine, a protein that regulates immune responses. The dendritic cells are then injected directly into an existing tumor. IL-23 allows dendritic cells to recognize antigens, such as live glioma cells, that otherwise escape surveillance without immune therapy manipulation. It also h...Previously approved drugs may be helpful in fatal pediatric disorder
...e X receptor (PXR). Found in the cell nucleus, PXR regulates the activity of a cluster of genes that helps the body get rid of toxins. NPC affects approximately one in every 100,000 children. Affected individuals typically present in early childhood with gait disturbance and progressive impairment of motor an...Wear and tear of stress: the psychoneurobiology of aging
...speaking or perceptions of social status) and then regulates the behavioral and physiological responses through the autonomic, immune and neuroendocrine systems. If the brain is under too much stress for too long, said McEwen, "we can see structural and functional remodeling changes that affect how it function...Brain chemical plays critical role in drinking and anxiety
A brain protein that sustains nerve cells also regulates anxiety and alcohol consumption in rats, researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago report in a study in the Aug. 9 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience. In previous studies, the UIC researchers had first identified a gene that controls...Compound in dairy products targets diabetes
... of the protein, which then interacts with DNA and regulates gene expression. This increases the enzymes that process fatty acids and also increases the tissues' sensitivity to insulin. "We wondered if CLA was using the same mechanism, in which case it could be used as an anti-diabetes drug," Vanden Heuve...W.M. Keck Foundation announces 2006 class of Distinguished Young Scholars in Medical Research
...es how a specialized type of RNA, called microRNA, regulates different genes and the biological pathways those genes control. She is focusing on a particular microRNA that may function as a tumor suppressor. Her work may contribute to developing microRNAs as less-toxic, targeted new therapies against cancer an...