Risk of HIV transmission highest in early stage of infection
..., the study is the first to present empirical data showing that the rate of heterosexual HIV transmission per coital act varies over the course of HIV infection. The investigators found that the risk of transmission was highest early in infection, then dropped, then rose again late in infection. Wawer and co...Study reveals drinking alcohol reduces breast milk supply in women
...ic researchers have turned folklore on its head by showing that alcohol consumption by women who are breast feeding reduces their milk supply, rather than boosting it. New evidence shows that alcohol consumption causes hormonal disruption, decreased lactation performance and diminished milk supply. The findi...OHSU scientist helping explain basis of psychotic behavior
...nity D2 is verified pharmacologically, "what we're showing is a very strong correlation between the presence of a higher proportion of high-affinity D2 in a population of receptors in animals that show supersensitivity to dopaminergic drugs," Grandy added. The study also further co...New recommendation encourages more activist approach to lung cancer screening
...early 1980s, which have been widely interpreted as showing that screening for lung cancer is ineffective. In fact, these studies have been interpreted as indicating that screening frequently results in the overdiagnosis of lung cancer, which leads to unnecessary procedures. However, more recent analyses of t...Rats with migraines provide Jefferson scientists insights to improved drug strategy
... recent experiments, the animals provided evidence showing that DHE, a standard drug currently used to treat acute migraine pain can also work against the onset of a phenomenon called "central sensitization," or "allodynia," which involves, as most migraine sufferers know, a heightened sensitivity to touch. ...Will cancer vaccine get to all women?
...gearing up to oppose vaccination, despite a survey showing 80 per cent of parents favour vaccinating their daughters. "Abstinence is the best way to prevent HPV," says Bridget Maher of the Family Research Council, a leading Christian lobby group that has made much of the fact that, because it can spread by s...Bugs in the gut could help doctors develop individualised healthcare
.... The team have summarised the scientific evidence showing that gut microbes have a large number of interactions with the body, and that changes to their composition could have significant effects, both good and bad, on an individual. They believe the exact composition of these microbes in the gut may lead t...Northwestern Memorial researchers release study on smart-pump technology
...stern Memorial Hospital recently published a study showing that while "smart pumps" are a necessary component to a safe medication system, they won't generate meaningful improvements in patient safety until they are interfaced with other systems, such as the electronic health record, computerized provider or...Alternate view for pathology of AD
...ings are in accord with our own published findings showing that NFTs are not only a relatively late event in ...sting that the reduced oxidative damage in neurons showing tau accumulation may be a direct consequence of an antioxidant function of phosphorylated tau. Thi...Tea may help prevent diabetes and cataracts
...per. In combination with Vinson's earlier research showing that green tea and black tea equally inhibit atherosclerosis a major risk factor for heart disease the findings suggest that both drinks could play a part in curbing two of the most widespread maladies in the United States today. The American Chemi...Heart failure drug associated with higher risk of death
...ovascular Center, also published findings in March showing that nesiritide is associated with a much higher r...ive. "Doctors should remember that there's no data showing that nesiritide is any better at calming acute symptoms than diuretics and vasodilators," Aaronson s...Increasing benefit seen in novel drug that treats Gleevec resistance
...n Cancer Center is reporting. The drug, AMN107, is showing an increasingly strong benefit as doses are being steadily raised, say the researchers, who presented their latest analysis at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research. In an ongoing study that has enrolled more than 100 pat...Study links cigarette smoking with progression of multiple sclerosis
...mokers. The study also supported earlier research showing that smoking may increase the risk of initial MS diagnosis. Current and past smokers were 30% more likely to be diagnosed with MS than those who had never smoked. While more research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these findings, He...Brain imaging study explains Williams syndrome language gifts
...RI) technique to create the first detailed images showing how Williams syndrome affects the cerebral cortex. The study finds sharply defined cortical thickening and complexity in the area of the brain important to language. Impact: The isolated, thickened cortical region in language areas is remarkable b...Adolescents not receiving health counseling, Stanford study shows
...after the AMA recommendations, 1993 to 1996, teens showing up for a health exam left with no counseling about half the time. For 1997 to 2000, about six in ten adolescent medical checkups were completed with no counseling. The average checkup lasted about 16 minutes. The researchers also looked at teens' ill...Fatal brain disease holds clues to dementia
...ngton's disease, one of the disease's symptoms, by showing that mice susceptible to Huntington's disease have problems with learning and memory before the diseases' typical movement problems appear. The Florey scientists also discovered that in Huntington's diseased brains, information processing between ne...'Fickle' enzyme helps protect, but also can promote heart failure, animal study shows
...ompensated for the damaging stress of hypertrophy, showing less muscle growth, and fibrosis (scar tissue) and better heart function than mice with the enzyme. Normal mice with the gene for NOS3 could not adapt to the stress, leading the researchers to conclude that the enzymes had lost their protective val...Specific behaviors seen in infants can predict autism, new research shows
...n to evaluate innovative interventions for infants showing early signs. John Kelton, dean and vice-president of McMaster's Faculty of Health Sciences, said: "This is an important step forward. The team at the Offord Centre is making a real difference towards better care for children and families affected b...Girl juvenile offenders exhibit more problems, risks than boys
...o be detained for family-related offenses, such as showing "out-of-control" behavior at home, or getting into fights with family members. Boys, on the other hand, were more likely to be detained for more traditional criminal offenses, such as theft or assaults on strangers, according to the results. "Girls...Immune system lab model overcomes ethical limits on human hematopoietic stem cells studies
...tigators demonstrated the model's effectiveness by showing that it could produce the wide variety of T cells ...mulate the immune system. A key piece of evidence showing that the model mimics the human immune system by efficiently turning HSCs into T cells in the thymus...