Immune system lab model overcomes ethical limits on human hematopoietic stem cells studies
...l, can be readily engrafted with human HSCs, which then develop into T cells, B cells, myeloid cells, natu...such as bacteria, and present it to T cells, which then become activated and orchestrate an immune response. Myeloid cells are immune cells that include gra...Low-fat dairy foods may help reduce risk of type 2 diabetes
...osis in about 1,200 participants. The researchers then analyzed the dietary information all participants provided in 1986, 1990 and 1994 to determine how diet related to their risk of developing diabetes. Results showed that those men consuming higher levels of dairy foods had significantly less risk of...Innovative study finds way to 'bio-synthesize' an anti-cancer compound
...tute for Genomic Research (TIGR) in Rockville, MD, then sequenced the Prochloron genome. Working with Schmidt, they found the chemical pathways in the microbe's gene sequence that are responsible for producing patellamide A and C. Ravel, who led TIGR's role in the project, says: "For the first time, we ha...New research raises questions about buckyballs and the environment
...and integrate those into human safety regulations, then the industry is going to be better off and the environment is going to be better off." The American Chemical Society is a nonprofit organization, chartered by the U.S. Congress, with an interdisciplinary membership of more than 158,000 chemists and c...Breast CT reaches clinical testing: May improve on mammography
...e breast -- about 300 images per breast. Computers then assemble these images into highly detailed, three-dimensional pictures that provide a more unobstructed view of breast tissues than can be seen on mammography. "It's the difference between taking a picture of a crowd from across the street, versus ci...News tips from the journal of Neuroscience
...rs differentiated the H7 hESC line into OPCs. They then transplanted the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPCs) into the site of a contusion injury that caused moderate hindlimb motor impairment. Cells transplanted at 7 d or 10 months after injury survived, differentiated into oligodendrocytes, and travel...Study: Americans willing to pay more for greater vaccine coverage
...selected either individual or family coverage were then asked to select one of two health plans: a plan th...y department visits, says Davis. Participants were then asked again to choose their preferred level of vaccine coverage. Overall, about four of out five stu...Younger is better when implanting cochlear implants, IU study finds
...ntact with language for different periods of time, then testing how well they were able to learn such skills afterward. The study by Drs. Svirsky and Holt provides evidence that there's a sensitive period for language development that starts at about age two. "It's not an exact model of development in chi...Spinoff company receives $2.5 million NIH grant to build prototype scanner
...If all goes well with the trials, the company will then seek marketing clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration." Key consulting partners in the development of CBCT included: Jeanne Cullinan, M.D., director of Women's Imaging at URMC Wende Logan Young, M.D., director of Rochester's Elizabeth...OHSU study says national injury prevention program working
On April 23 of that year, Burns, then 21, had a gorgeous girlfriend, a lightning-fast motorcycle and a good shot at a job as a cop in Detroit. But on his motorcycle that day, as in life, Burns was in too high of a gear as he barreled toward Mt. Hood just east of Estacada, Ore. By night's...Mayo Clinic study determines surgery is best remedy for hammer hand
...ke a clogged lead pipe. The artery's blood flow is then restored by replacing the section of blocked artery with a vein graft. In this study, Dr. Johnson studied 115 hands in 101 patients evaluated at Mayo Clinic. Medical and surgical treatment options pursued were evaluated by chart review and postopera...Leprosy genome tells story of human migrations, French researchers report in Science
...ca, as opposed to India as previously thought, and then spread to the other continents in part through Eur...rosy originated in the Indian subcontinent and was then introduced to Europe by Greek soldiers returning from the Indian campaign of Alexander the Great, ac...Active vaccine prevents mice from developing prion disease
... disease were found to be transmissible to humans, then we would need a vaccine like this to protect people in hunting areas." Currently, an outbreak of chronic wasting disease is occurring in some Western states, and the disease's geographic range is expanding. Two cases in wild deer have recently ...Substantial 15-year survival gains from standard breast cancer treatments
...of dying from her hormone-sensitive breast cancer, then this risk could be halved, to about one in 10. For middle-aged women with breast cancer, 6 months of anthracycline-based chemotherapy reduces the breast cancer death rate over the next 10 or 15 years by about one third. For women of any age with horm...Surgery to treat vocal-cord spasms shows high success rate
...e sending abnormal signals to the vocal cords, and then attaches a healthy nerve from the throat to maintain the vocal cords' muscle tone. Chhetri and his colleagues surveyed 131 patients at an average of four years post-surgery. Eighty-one patients completed the questionnaire. Of these patients, 91 p...Mayo Clinic researchers report on effectiveness of treatments for hot flashes
...ok black cohosh pills for one four-week period and then a placebo for one four-week period. The other grou...ing points to each hot flash based on severity and then adding the points for a given time period). Mayo researchers measured patient treatment preferences ...Breast tumor's biological traits guide hormone therapy
...t course appears to be tamoxifen for two years and then aromatase inhibitor treatment after two years. If the tumor is ER+ and PgR-, however, upfront treatment with an aromatase inhibitor may be superior, according to the model. Burstein, who is also an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School, said ...New test for early detection of prostate cancer shows promise
...imple test that would detect EPCA in the blood and then measured the EPCA levels in 46 patients, including those with prostate cancer (12 patients), bladder cancer (six patients), colon cancer (two patients), kidney cancer (one patient), spinal cord injury (seven patients) and noncancerous prostate inflam...Study finds maternal exposure to parasitic infection may increase risk of schizophrenia in offspring
...a or disorders in the schizophrenia spectrum, were then compared with carefully matched individuals from the CHDS who did not develop these disorders. In August 2004, the researchers determined in the same cohort that prenatal exposure to influenza may increase the risk for schizophrenia years later. ...Presence of high-risk prostate cancer can be predicted without a biopsy, new study says
...9 percent of the men in the study. Researchers then used logistic regression analysis to compare clinical variables with biopsy outcomes. Researchers found they could accurately predict a tumor's Gleason score using three clinical variables: age, digital rectal exam findings and PSA density. "We fo...