3 questions may provide good clues to smoke exposure
...d in the body from nicotine, which enters the body through inhaled cigarette smoke. Hair cotinine has been used in research to determine child ETS exposure, but the test is expensive and not widely available. By comparing the questionnaire information to the analysis of hair cotinine levels, it was possible...Response of New York City public school children to September 11
...ork City public school children enrolled in fourth through 12th grade, six months following the World Trade Center (WTC) attack, determining their level of exposure to the event as well as assessing them for eight probable mental disorders. Level of exposure was divided into the following categories: attenda...Study is first to implicate dietary fat in 'fatty liver'
...drogen that can be used to trace fats as they move through the body. The subjects were already scheduled for liver biopsies, and Parks' team gave the patients labeled fat for five days before their biopsy. The researchers analyzed the waste liver tissue from the biopsies and found that these patients' livers...Medical-errors gap widens between best and worst hospitals: Healthgrades study
...pitals between 2001 and 2003. Overall, from 2001 through 2003, the best-performing hospitals as a group (ho...ith $792 million could have been avoided from 2001 through 2003. The rates of six key quality improvement focus areas (metabolic derangements, post-operative...Microbicide partners receive $5.7 million from Gates Foundation
...ue their efforts to accelerate product development through advocacy, policy analysis, and social science rese...ons among teenagers, with most acquiring the virus through heterosexual intercourse. The microbicide field has built an extraordinary amount of scientific...FDA approves Boostrix a new US vaccine for adolescents against pertussis
... to people infected with pertussis. It is spread through airborne droplets of an infected person's cough or sneeze. The first symptoms of pertussis are similar to the "common cold" with a mild fever, runny nose and a cough. Symptoms generally progress to more severe coughing episodes, often with a high-p...CONRAD receives $24 million from Gates Foundation and USAID for HIV microbicide trials
...avings to health systems and indirect cost savings through increased productivity. CONRAD and FHI, the primary organizations conducting these trials, have a long history of collaboration in microbicide development and have put together an excellent team of researchers to maximize the probability of a succes...Babies show ripple effects of mothers stress from 9/11 trauma
...atic Stress Disorder (PTSD) to their unborn babies through transgenerational transmission. The findings strengthen the evidence for in utero or early life risk factors for the later development of adult mental or physical disorders. The study will be published online today in The Journal of Clinical Endocrin...Stents that release medication appear more effective than traditional stents
...e long-term prevention of thrombotic complications through appropriate long-term antiplatelet therapies. It is remarkable to see how STEMI management has evolved over the last decade. With use of increasingly sophisticated stent technology, patients with STEMI are now enjoying substantial benefit by virtue o...Long-term outcomes promising for patients with localized, low-grade prostate cancer
...rvation or androgen withdrawal therapy alone. Only through randomized controlled trials designed to measure the efficacy of screening and treatment for prostate cancer can we answer questions concerning which patients may truly benefit," the authors conclude. (JAMA. 2005;293:2095-2101. Available post-embarg...Study examines influence of celebrity endorsements of cancer screening
...d journalist Katie Couric, endorse screening tests through stories about their own cancer diagnoses or when t...phone survey of American adults from December 2001 through July 2002. Almost three-quarters (73%) of women age 40 and older (the age group potentially eligibl...Latest research and emerging treatments for osteoporosis focus of NYAS conference
...ned a better understanding of the precise pathways through which new and old bones are repaired and remodeled. Clearer too are the basic biological properties of the skeleton and how it responds to hormonal, cytokine, and mechanical stimulation. How are these exciting new studies opening the doors to novel...Different consultants mean different lengths of stay in hospitals
...mergency medical patients admitted to the hospital through the emergency department during the study period, the median length of stay was six days overall, but 726 episodes (8%) had a stay of more than 30 days. The type of consultant was found to make a large difference on length of stay, re-admission ...Molecular change occurring during brain tumor progression also evident in breast cancer
...rane are distinct entities, they affect each other through biochemical interactions. In fact, the cells actually influence the composition of the basement membrane, and the membrane, in addition to serving as a scaffold for cell attachment, regulates cell behavior, proliferation and migration. The laminin mo...Human eggs can develop from ovarian surface cells in vitro
...eir ovaries, to have a better chance of conceiving through in vitro fertilization. Eventually, frozen OSE cells from younger females may be preserved for later production of fresh eggs. This may prevent the occurrence of fetal genetic alterations, which are often associated with an advanced maternal age. In ...Internet program launched to prevent blindness in diabetic patients
...the team is using a Canon retinal camera, acquired through a grant from the North Carolina Lions Foundation. A diabetic retinopathy reading center is being established at the School of Medicine in cooperation with the Department of Ophthalmology. William P. Moran, M.D., formerly head of the Section on Genera...Medication combined with behavior therapy works best for ADHD children, study finds
...dren in classroom and organized play settings, and through use of parental behavior ratings. The researchers found that when used alone, the MPH patch and behavior modification therapy were equally effective treatments. The MPH patch was effective in all doses tested, with few reports of side effects and go...Stroke drug still meets resistance from doctors wary of its risks
...e plans for what to do when a stroke patient comes through the emergency department door. Primary Stroke Cent...Devin Brown, M.D., a U-M stroke neurologist. "Only through team decision-making will we be able to change current practice and improve acute stroke care delive...Autism conference reports advances in early diagnosis, role of immune system and more
...ss in being able to diagnose the youngest children through both biomarkers and behavioral observations. "Whereas today most autistic children are not diagnosed until they are two to three years old, detection in infants would allow early treatment, which can profoundly benefit some children with autism," sa...Scientists report strong evidence of alterations in blood samples of children with autism
...amilies and communities, is currently accomplished through a series of behavioral observations that are not reliable until a child is between 2 and 3-years-old. "Finding a sensitive and accurate biological marker for autism that can be revealed by a simple blood test would have enormous implications for dia...